1. ATP and Muscle Contraction
By: Breanna Paulhamus and Bryce Phillips

2. ATP is the energy source for muscle contraction
Muscle contractions require large amounts of energy
Skeletal muscles require 600 trillion contractions each second
Muscle fibers generate ATP at the same time

3. ATP and CP reserves Primary function is to transfer energy
ATP + creatine ADP + CP
ATP transfers energy to Creatine
Creatine Phosphokinase(CP) are enzyme that regulate reactions
The energy stored in in CP is used to recharge ADP back to ATP
( ADP + CP ATP + creatine)
Resting muscles have 6 times the amount of creatine phosphate as ATP
Energy reserve in 15 seconds

4. Aerobic Metabolism Occurs in the mitochondria
Provides 95% of ATP needed by a resting cell
Substrates go through the citric acid cycle
Oxygen supply creates ATP aerobic production

5. Glycolysis It breaks down glucose inside of the cytoplasm in the cell
It breaks down into pyruvate
Pyruvate is converted into lactic acid which potentially causes a pH problem in the cells

6. rere rr

7. Muscle Fatigue
occurs when there is a depletion of energy reserves or a decrease in pH
This means that the muscles will no longer contract if they are stimulated

8. Recovery Period
This is the time after muscle activity that it takes to restore prexertions and conditions
Requires the person to breathe faster so that they can reduce the oxygen debt
Blood vessels in the skin will begin to dilate, causing sweat
The sweat will begin to evaporate and cool the body

9. Heat Loss Muscle activity generates heat
Heat warms the sarcoplasm, interstitial fluid and circulates blood
Shivering keeps you warm in cold conditions
When skeletal muscles contract the heat level peaks and body temperature soon rises

10. Checkpoint Questions
13. How do muscles cells continuously synthesize ATP?
By utilizing creatine phosphate and metabolizing glycogen and fatty acids. Most cells generate ATP only through aerobic metabolism in the mitochondria and through glycolysis in the cytoplasm
14. What is muscle fatigue?
A muscle's reduced ability to contract due to low pH (lactic acid buildup and its dissociation to lactate and a hydrogen ion), low ATP levels, or other problems
15. Define oxygen debt
The amount of oxygen required to restore normal, pre-exertion conditions in muscle tissue