1. Anindya Saha CTO Saankhya Labs, TSDSI GC Member
5G-Broadcast Standardization for Broadcast Offload/Broadcast-Broadband Convergence
Anindya Saha
CTO Saankhya Labs, TSDSI GC Member

2. Motivation for Broadcast-Broadband Convergence
Video traffic is growing exponentially
By 2023 , >70% of mobile traffic will be video
Video consumption is inversely proportional to education
Rural areas and lower education sections could consume highest video
Unicast networks not designed to carry broadcast video
Serious congestion in mobile networks
Analytics show rule in the type of video traffic
Pull to push architectures
AR/VR, OTT
Connected cars and ADAS makes it worse !
Imagine millions of cars needing a fat pipe
Ola is already issuing a RFP for connecting their cars
Cost per bit of unicast to broadcast is huge
Large swathes of UHF spectrum lying unused
Per TRAI estimates DD spectrum is worth 100B$
Auctioning spectrum is not the answer
Leads to monopolies and lack of innovation
Monetize the spectrum through pay/use

3. What is convergence ?
Use the unused broadcasting spectrum to offload video and live event traffic
A converged intelligent network that directs video intelligently to a “overlay” broadcasting network
Multiplex the network by providing a supplemental downlink channel
Components of a Converged network
A intelligent EPC and network that monitors and analyses traffic to direct it to appropriate network
A converged UE device that has a broadcasting tuner and modem

4. Direct to Mobile Broadcast TV
Communication Devices
Vehicular Systems
Internet of Things
UHF Transmitter
BROADCAST EXCHANGE
UHF Transmitters
Wireless Broadband Base Stations
Out of Band Video Traffic
UHF to DTT Compliant Devices
BROADCAST OFFLOAD CORE
INTERNET
SFN
LTE Data
Content
LTE Traffic
WIRELESS NETWORK CORE
Cellularised UHF & Mobile Base Stations (Co-Located)
For Rural Connectivity
Data
Unlicensed UHF Broadband
Back Haul
Wi-Fi Access Points
TV White Space

5. Broadband-Broadcast Convergence

6. Convergence with 4G networks
Load Manager: Acts as a proxy server for the target traffic. Monitors each flow for potential traffic for offloading
Analytic Platform: A Geographical Infobase that has the all the coverage information, both predicted and measured data. Decision to offload and the determination of the modulation and coding for a user at a particular location is also done here
User Database: Carries all information required for user authentication
Broadcast Offload Service Centre: Schedules traffic, performs data encryption, header compression and application layer FEC
Broadcast Offload Gateway: Interfaces with the IP based backhaul network for multicasting, unicasting traffic

7. Proposed converged 5G Core network
(1) One of the major change in the design of a 5G core network is that all the network functions defined in the capabilities governed by the 3GPP Release 15 documentation. previous standards have been repartitioned into packet forwarding function ( UPF ), compute functions ( AMF, SMF, PCF, AF etc. ) and database functions ( UDM, AUSF etc. ). All signaling functions are based on “http”. The architecture is flattened in the sense that any network function can communicate to any other network function, controlled only by the policy in place. This makes the network highly extensible, much beyond the basic
(2) Figure illustrates the converged 5G core network that incorporates the DTT based unidirectional downlink for offload. It is to be noted that the 5G converged core supports 4G eNodeB natively. Comparing with the previous generations of core networks there are several fundamental changes that make the deployment of the 5G core simpler.
(3) The subscriber database function may be integrated with the Unified Data Management Function ( UDM ). The Mobility Management Entity ( MME ) of the 4G network has been partitioned into the Access Management Function ( AMF ) and the Session Management Function ( SMF ). The location information of the UE is directly available from the AMF through the Ng interface, while the IP address allocated to the UE will be obtained from the SMF through the Nh interface.
Generalized Broadcast Offload Service Centre and Gateway cater to both the DTT offload and eMBMS

8. Additional Use cases Emergency alerting systems Bulk firmware updates
IoT Broadcast networks perform the complementary function of enabling actuators from the centralized cloud ( e.g. lighting streetlamps, starting irrigation pumps etc. )
Accurate timing distribution
Enables secure communications, Synchronization of telecom and IoT nodes
Opportunistic Offloading of Unicast traffic on the DTT network
Efficient scheduling may allow mixed traffic - SFN based broadcast and non-SFN based unicast in the same frame

9. Why Convergence ? Stake-holder value
CARRIERS
CONTENT PROVIDERS
BROADCASTERS
DEVICE MAKERS
CONTENT GENERATORS
END USER
Offload heavy content to Broadcast
Generate revenue share over OTT,
Optimize Opex and Capex Spend
Provide Superior Content Quality access to Mobile Subscriber
Monetization with access to Mobile User Base
Offer seamless experience - home and mobile.
New 4K Content Distribution opportunity
Additional subscription revenue through Up-sell new high resolution content.
New Distribution dedicated channel for heavier rich content, better experience.
Additional subscription revenue
Justification to develop and monetize superior handsets supporting 4K Displays, immersive experience capabilities.
Superior experience

10. Thank you