1. The Three Domains

2. Life in Its Diverse Forms
Diversity is the hallmark of life.
The diversity of known life includes 1.8 million species.
Estimates of the total diversity range from 10 million to over 200 million species.

3. Grouping Species: The Basic Concept
Biodiversity can be both beautiful and overwhelming.
Taxonomy is the branch of biology that names and classifies species.
It formalizes the hierarchical ordering of organisms.

4. Taxonomy Classifying life
Species Genus Family Order Class Phylum Kingdom Domain
Mammalia
Ursus ameri-
canus
(American
black bear)
Ursus
Ursidae
Carnivora
Chordata
Animalia
Eukarya
Classifying life

5. The Three Domains of Life
At the highest level, life is classified into three domains
Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya

6. 3 Domains Domain Bacteria and domain Archaea Consist of prokaryotes
Domain Eukarya, the eukaryotes
Includes the various protist kingdoms and the kingdoms Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia

7. Life’s three domains DOMAIN ARCHAEA 4 µm 100 µm 0.5 µm
Bacteria are the most diverse and widespread prokaryotes and are now divided among multiple kingdoms. Each of the rod-shaped structures in this photo is a bacterial cell.
Protists (multiple kingdoms)
are unicellular eukaryotes and their relatively simple multicellular relatives.Pictured here is an assortment of protists inhabiting pond water. Scientists are currently debating how to split the protists into several kingdoms that better represent evolution and diversity.
Kingdom Plantae consists of multicellula eukaryotes that carry out photosynthesis, the conversion of light energy to food.
Many of the prokaryotes known
as archaea live in Earth‘s extreme environments, such as salty lakes and boiling hot springs. Domain Archaea includes multiple kingdoms. The photo shows a colony composed of many cells.
Kindom Fungi is defined in part by the nutritional mode of its members, such as this mushroom, which absorb nutrientsafter decomposing organic material.
Kindom Animalia consists of multicellular eukaryotes that ingest other organisms.
DOMAIN ARCHAEA

9. Comparison of Bacteria, Archaea, and Eucarya
Three domains of living organisms

10. How does classification differ from identification?
Classification is the taxonomy, identification is the process of characterizing an isolate to determine which taxon it belongs to.

11. How are prokaryotes identified?
Microscopic examination
Culture characteristics or phenotype
Biochemical tests
Nucleic acid analysis
symptoms