1. Section 3: Southern Cotton Kingdom
Main Idea: Cotton was vital to the economy of the South.

2. Rise of the Cotton Kingdom
Agricultural Region
Upper South – Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina – Tabaco, Center of Slave Sales
Deep South – Georgia, South Carolina, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas - Cotton
Slavery growing stronger
Eli Whitney invented the Cotton Gin that led to the demand for more workers.

3. Industry in the South Low production of manufactured goods
Lack of Capital – money invested in business
Smaller population
William Gregg – wanted to build industry in the South – opened own textile mill in South Carolina
Joseph Reid Anderson - took over Tredegar Iron Works and would later produce the South’s artillery and other iron products.
Natural Waterways Used – little canals or roads
Small Railroad Networks (1/3 of Total)

4. Section 4: The South’s People
Main Idea: The South’s population consisted of wealthy slaveholding planters, small famers, poor whites, and enslaved African Americans.

5. Small Farms Most of South was small farmers with maybe a few slaves
Yeomen – farmers who did not have slaves – largest group
Tenant Farmers – rented land or worked on land

6. Plantations Large Farms 200+ acres plus
Wealth, lavish, numerous slaves
Worked to earn profits
Fixed Cost – regular expenses such as housing and feeding workers, and maintaining equipment
Places like New Orleans and Charleston were trade centers of cotton that were vital to cotton economy.
Agents extended credit – a form of a loan – and held the cotton until the prices rose
Planters always in debt

7. Work on the Plantations
Women look over slave that worked in the house, and sometimes were accountants for the Plantation
Often very lonely
Domestic Slaves
Craftsmen Slaves
Most were Farming Slaves
Overseer – a plantation manager

8. Life Under Slavery
Slaves lived in constant fear of being sold and the break up of their families
Marriage between slaves was not recognized by law, but still occurred
Large close knit extended families established
Lived in log cabins with straw beds.

9. African American Culture
Fused African and American Cultures together
Practiced African Music and Dance
Told Traditional African Folk Stories
Accepted Christianity as a religion

10. Slave Laws
I808 Slave Trade Outlawed – no new slaves could enter the US
1860 – almost all slaves are native born
Slave Codes – laws in the Southern States that controlled the enslaved people
Provided slaves from assembling in large groups
Could not leave master’s property without a pass
Crime to teach slaves to read or write
Hoped to prevent slave rebellion

11. Resistance to Slavery Nat Turner Popular religious leader
Led violent rampage in Southampton, Virginia killing 55 whites
Caught and hung, but rebellion had frightened white Southerners causing them to pass more sever slave codes
Other Forms of Protest
Burning Plantations, pretending to be ill, and breaking tools
Helped African Americans endure their lives and set boundaries for whites to respect

12. Escaping Slavery
Many slaves tried to escape to Freedom in the North, but was extremely difficult for those in the Deep South
Harriet Tubman, and Frederick Douglas
The Underground Railroad – a network of “safe houses” owned by free blacks and whites who opposed slavery and offered assistance to slaves
Most runaways were captured and returned to their owners to face sever discipline

13. Please Read The Section titled City Life and Education on pages 406-407