1. Chapter 24
Italy & Spain

2. Baroque The style began around 1600 in Rome, Italy, and spread to most of Europe
The Baroque is often thought of as a period of artistic style that used
exaggerated motion and clear, easily interpreted detail to produce drama, tension, exuberance, and grandeur
in sculpture, painting, architecture, literature, dance, theater, and music.

3. Italy
Jesuit, member of the Society of Jesus (S.J.), a Roman Catholic order of religious men founded by St. Ignatius of Loyola, noted for its educational, missionary, and charitable works, once regarded by many as the principal agent of the Counter-Reformation, and later a leading force in modernizing the church.

4. 82. Il Gesu, including the Triumph of the Name Jesus ceiling fresco
82. Il Gesu, including the Triumph of the Name Jesus ceiling fresco. Rome, Italy. Giacomo da Vignola, plan (architect); Giacomo della Porta, façade (architect); Giovanni Battista Gaulli, ceiling fresco (artist). Church: 16th century CE; façade: CE; fresco and stucco figures: CE Brick, marble, fresco, and stucco. (3 images).

5. Giovanni Battista Gaulli Triumph in the Name of Jesus Ceiling fresco

6. 88. San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane. Rome, Italy
88. San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane. Rome, Italy. Francesco Borromini (architect) CE Stone and stucco (3 images)

7. Aerial view, St. Peter’s, Piazza designed by Bernini, 1667

8. Bernini, Baldaccino, St. Peter’s, 1633

9. Bernini, David, 1623

10. 89. Ecstasy of Saint Teresa. Cornaro Chapel
89. Ecstasy of Saint Teresa. Cornaro Chapel. Church of Santa Maria della Vittoria. Rome, Italy. Gian Lorenzo Bernini. c CE Marble (sculpture), stucco and gilt bronze (chapel). (3 images).

11. I saw in his hand a long spear of gold, and at the iron's point there seemed to be a little fire. He appeared to me to be thrusting it at times into my heart, and to pierce my very entrails; when he drew it out, he seemed to draw them out also, and to leave me all on fire with a great love of God. The pain was so great, that it made me moan; and yet so surpassing was the sweetness of this excessive pain, that I could not wish to be rid of it. The soul is satisfied now with nothing less than God. The pain is not bodily, but spiritual; though the body has its share in it. It is a caressing of love so sweet which now takes place between the soul and God, that I pray God of His goodness to make him experience it who may think that I am lying

12. Caravaggio Tenebrism Naturalized religious imagery
Makes viewers active participants
Chiaroscuro
Dramatic & theatrical

13. Caravaggio, Conversion of St. Paul, 1601

14. 85. Calling of St. Matthew. Caravaggio. c.1597-1601 CE oil on canvas

15. Caravaggio, Entombment, 1603

16. Gentileschi, Judith Slaying Holofernes, 1620

17. Caravaggio, Judith Slaying Holofernes

18. SPAIN

19. 90. Angel with Arquebus, Asiel Timor Dei
90. Angel with Arquebus, Asiel Timor Dei. Master of Calamarca (La Paz School). c.17th century CE Oil on canvas.

20. Velazquez Major patron king Philip IV (Hapsburg)
Wanted prestige, thought of himself as royalty
Caravaggio an influence
“Las Meninas” most renown of his works
Genre painting
A Spaniard

21. Velazquez, King Philip IV of Spain, 1644

22. 91. Las Meninas. Diego Velazquez. c.1656 CE Oil on Canvas