1. Developing writing skills

2. Overview What do we write? Why? How is writing different to speaking?
Purpose, audience and genre
What sub-skills are involved?
Process and product approaches
Stages in a writing lesson
Assessment of writing
Ask Ts to list everything they have written (non-school stuff) in the last week – then explain why they wrote, who to, etc.

3. What have you written recently? Why? Who to?
Purpose Audience In/formality
One list for each group, feedback

4. Text types Emails Letters Stories Poems Guides, instructions Lists
Notes
Applications/form-filling
Messages (inc. texts)

5. Why is writing difficult?
It is often formal, carefully organised
It forces students to reveal themselves: it is permanent and public
The student must consider the audience
Ambiguity cannot be clarified: delayed feedback, if any
Absence of negotiation or communicative strategies
Script (for non-Romance language students)
Compare writing & speaking as go through this

6. Writing sub-skills
Script Spelling Punctuation Vocabulary Grammar Organisation Coherence/cohesion Style (for students with a different script): letter formation, direction, spacing

7. Process and Product approaches
Use w/sheet 1

8. Stages in a process approach
Introduction: create motivation and interest via visuals, texts, discussion
Analyse the task: genre, purpose, audience
Generate ideas: brainstorming, creating content
Organise into paragraphs consistent with task
Draft paragraphs consistent with 2 above
Exchange drafts for peer feedback on content and language
Re-draft, edit, final text