1. THE MODERN AGE

2. What’s new in the 20th century?
Victorian doubts and fears
Less optimistic vision and tensions
Industrialization
1914 First World War
society and man’s place
international competition
defensive alliances
end of European domination
SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY BRUTLIZED MEN AND MADE THEIR POWER OF DESTRUCTION GREATER

3. What happened in social economy?
Capitalism has not produced benefits: are there possible solution?
MARX and The Communist Manifesto
Marxism = optimistic view of the future
Welfare State
social revolution

4. And in religion?
Victorians’s fear = men isolated in a mechanical universe without God
No divine principles and no divine plan
Sure point = individual himself
Different individuals and different point of view = RELATIVISM
THE SYSTEM OF MORALITY AND BELIEFES COLLAPSES

5. Albert Einstein’sTheory of Relativity
Euclidean geometry and Newtonian physics = false assumptions
1906 GENERAL THEORY OF RELATIVITY
Space and Time did not exist as separate, absolute phenomena, but changed according to the point of view of the observer

6. STREAM OF CONCIOUSNESS
New ideas on “TIME”
NEW PHILOSOPHY:
H.Bergson and W.James rejected conventional ideas of time
Past experiences + future expectations = people
Stream = rational + irrational (semiconscious level)
Importance of irrational in people action = SIGMUND FREUD
STREAM OF CONCIOUSNESS

7. THE POET DISCOVER THE SYMBOLIC MEANINGS
Human psychology
Carl Jung = importance of a primitive element in human psychology
Racial memory = primitive memory connected to evolution
SYMBOLIC LEVEL
Figures or objects had symbolic power
THE POET DISCOVER THE SYMBOLIC MEANINGS

8. THE SYMBOLISM
LANGUAGE USED: spoke to the irrational rather than the rational in the reader
Aesthetic movement = poetry which broke completely with the Victorian tradition
NEW DRAMATIC NOVEL = the narrator is invisible, story self-told, the analysis is transferred from the novel to the reader, ambiguity and uncertainty.

9. OLD AND NEW NOVEL = narrative VS dramatic
OLD NOVEL:
narrative structure
omniscient narrator
ELIOT’S MYTHICAL METHOD = interest in anthropology
for ordering contemporary society
objective correlative
balance between form and matters

10. Liceo Scientifico A.Einstein
Girardi Gioia
Liceo Scientifico A.Einstein
Class 5^ALS
School year 2014/2015