1. 12.2 DNA Replication
Process of creating an identical copy of DNA is replication.
2 strands will unwind and become a template for copying.
strands separate at replication fork.
strands are separated by DNA helicase (enzyme)

2. 12.2 DNA Replication

3. 12.2 DNA Replication Each strand becomes a template to make a copy.
Bases are paired by DNA polymerase.
DNA polymerase adds bases to make a new strand.

4. 12.2 DNA Replication

5. 12.2 DNA Replication
DNA => DNA = Replication = making a copy (identical to original)
DNA => RNA = Transcription = rewriting

6. 12.2 DNA Replication RNA – Ribo Nucleic acid
Made of a long chain of repeating nucleotides.
Differences from DNA
RIBOSE nucleic acid
Shorter ( 1 or several genes)
Short lived
Single strand
Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C), and Uracil (U)
Uracil is substituted for Thymine <= in DNA

7. 12.2 DNA Replication The RNA has an Oxygen on the bottom carbon .
The DNA is missing an Oxygen on the bottom carbon.
This one change makes DNA more stable than RNA

8. 12.2 DNA Replication Types of RNA mRNA Messenger RNA
Carries genetic information from DNA to ribosomes

9. 12.2 DNA Replication TRNA - transfer RNA
Carries amino acids to ribosomes (review Ch. 6 for amino acids)
Peptide chain is made of amino acids

10. 12.2 DNA Replication RRNA - Ribosomal RNA
Protein and rRNA make ribosomes
rRNA is a component of a ribosome

11. 12.2 DNA Replication Process of Transcription
A process where 1 or several genes are coded into mRNA from DNA
RNA polymerase binds and opens DNA
The template strand of DNA contains the gene you need.
RNA polymerase will add compliment bases to make mRNA

12. 12.2 DNA Replication DNA => DNA = Replication
mRNA goes to the ribosome for protein synthesis (Review Ch. 7)
DNA => DNA = Replication
DNA => RNA = Transcription
RNA => Protein = Translation