1. Heating Name: ………………………………………. Year 8 Science My last test result
My target:

3. Particle theory revision
Particle theory is all about explaining the properties of solids, liquids and gases by looking at what the particles do.
SOLIDS
In a solid the particles ______ around a _____ position. There is a ______ force of attraction between each particle and they are very _____ together
Words – strong, close, vibrate, fixed
“Temperature” is simply a way of measuring how fast these particles are vibrating.

4. Words – fixed, collide, quickly, close, squashed, solids
LIQUIDS
GASES
In a liquid the particles are _____ together but can move in any direction. They won’t keep a _____ shape like _____ do.
In a gas the particles are very far apart and move _____ in all directions. They often ______ with each other and because they are far apart they can be easily _______.

6. Heat and Temperature
Heat is a type of energy that will flow from a warm area to a colder one. For example…
This cup of coffee will ____ ____ because it is _____ ____ heat energy into the surroundings. The hotter it is, the quicker this will happen.
This drink (taken out of the fridge) will _____ ___ because it is _____ ___ heat energy from the surroundings. The colder it is, the quicker this will happen.
Words – giving out, warm up, taking in, cool down

7. thermometer
gauze
heatproof mat
tripod beaker
water

8. Temperature of 100 cm3 water (ºC) Temperature of 200 cm3 water (ºC)
Time (mins)
Temperature of 100 cm3 water (ºC)
Temperature of 200 cm3 water (ºC)  0  2  4  6  8 10

9. Words – vibrations, electrons, solid, heated, better
Conduction
Conduction is all about when heat is transferred through a _________. The heat is passed on by ___________ in the molecules. These vibrations get BIGGER when the solid has more ENERGY (i.e. when it is being __________).
Metals are _______ conductors than non-metals. This is because the heat is carried by free ________ that can carry the energy around the metal and give it to other electrons and ions.
Words – vibrations, electrons, solid, heated, better

11. Time in minutes
Temperature (ºC)
Material 1
Material 2
Material 3  0  2  4  6  8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Temperature change

12. In CONDUCTION the heat was passed on by VIBRATIONS in a SOLID
Convection
Convection is all about when a gas or liquid (“fluid”) moves and carries heat with it. When the fluid is heated it ____________. This means that it will become less __________ than the colder fluid around it. Because of this the warmer fluid will try to “_______” over the colder fluid, and this is why warm air rises. This is called a convection ___________. This is how heat reaches us from the ___________ in this room.
In CONDUCTION the heat was passed on by VIBRATIONS in a SOLID
In CONVECTION the heat is passed on by the FLUID expanding, rising and TAKING THE HEAT with it
Words to use: expands, radiators, dense, heated, current, float

13. Radiation
An introduction…
I’m very hot!
I’m cool!

14. Temperature in each container / 0C
Radiation Practical
Time / min
Temperature in each container / 0C
Black
Silver
Clear 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

16. You can draw your labelled diagrams on this page.

17. (Optional)

18. How it helps or prevents heat flow Conductor or insulator?
Item
What it is made of
How it helps or prevents heat flow
Conductor or insulator?
kettle element
(heater)
steel
Allows heat to flow to the water.
conductor
kettle handle
plastic
pot
pottery
Stops heat flowing out of the food inside.
base of the iron
aluminium
ironing board
wood and
cover
padded fabric
wok
metal (steel or aluminium)
stirrer
wood
table mats
cork