1. present perfect

2. The RESULT can be seeeeeeeeeeeeen. He has opened the door.
Present Perfect Tense
Present Perfect Tense can describe A COMPLETED ACTION in the RECENT PAST.
The RESULT can be seeeeeeeeeeeeen.
He has opened the door.
The door is open now.
Ayşe has cleaned the board.
The board is clean now.
They have eaten their hamburgers.
They’re not hungry now.

3. We have tidied our rooms. Our rooms are tidy now.
He has cut his finger.
His finger is bleeding now.

4. I have cleaned the table. It is clean now.
He has opened the door. It is open now.
Ali has broken his computer. It is broken now.
Teams have scored a lot of goals this season.
Astronomers have discovered some stars this century.
My mother has prayed a lot this week.

5. Today isn’t finished, It is half past eight now….
Present Perfect Shows UNFINISHED TIME:
Unfinished time ?
F u t u r e
………………………………………24 hours
P a s t
Now
08.30 a.m.
t o d a y
Today isn’t finished, It is half past eight now….

6. This week isn’t finished, It is WEDNESDAY today….
Present Perfect Shows UNFINISHED TIME:
Unfinished time ?
M T W T F S S
F u t u r e
P a s t
this week
This week isn’t finished, It is WEDNESDAY today….

7. This year isn’t finished, It is APRIL now….
Present Perfect Shows UNFINISHED TIME:
Unfinished time ?
F u t u r e A J F M M J J A S O N D
P a s t
this year
This year isn’t finished, It is APRIL now….

8. I graduated from university
The present perfect is OFTEN used with SINCE & FOR
To express the UNFINISHED PAST.
I have studied Spanish since I graduated from
university.
now
I have STUDied .
1988
I graduated from university

9. I haven’t seen you since THURSDAY.
Tuesday
I haven’t seen
Since . .
Now
Friday
Sunday
Monday
Thursday
Saturday

10. . I have seen a lot of beautiful places in my life. P a s t 2011
I have seen beautiful places .
Now
1997 Went America
2004 Went China
1999 Went Spain
2006 Went Italy

11. . . I was a teacher 22 years ago. + I am a teacher NOW
I HAVE BEEN a teacher for 22 years.
P a s t
for 22 years.
Now . .
1989
2011

12. Since: shows STARTING point in the past
Her sister HAS lived there since 1987.
I HAVE not RIDDEN a donkey since I was 7.
We were both in the Independence War. But
We HAVE not SEEN each other SINCE.

13. Since: shows STARTING point in the past
Her sister HAS lived there since 1987.
2007
P a s t
Now .
Present
1987
Since 1987

14. Since: shows STARTING point in the past
I HAVE not RIDDEN a donkey since I was 7.
2007
P a s t
Now
1972 .
I am 42 years old.
present
Since I was seven

15. . Since: shows STARTING point in the past
We were both in the Independence War. But
We HAVE not SEEN each other SINCE.
2007
P a s t
Now .
present
the Independence War

16. She has lived here for 15 years.
For: shows DURATION
She has lived here for 15 years.
I haven’t ridden a donkey for 8 years.
They have been in prison for 6 months.

17. She has lived here for 19 years.
For: shows DURATION
She has lived here for 19 years.
2011
Now
P a s t .
present
1992
For 19 years

18. I haven’t ridden a donkey for 8 years.
For: shows DURATION
I haven’t ridden a donkey for 8 years.
P a s t
2003
2011
Now .
present
for 8 years.

19. They have been in prison for 6 months.
For: shows DURATION
They have been in prison for 6 months.
for 6 months
April .
Now
October

20. JUST, ALREADY, YET, RECENTLY, LATELY
I have JUST received a letter.
She has JUST gone out.
The teacher has JUST eaten a toast.
They have JUST washed the dishes.
We have ALREADY done our homework.
You have ALREADY come here.
He has ALREADY brushed his hair.
The doctor has ALREADY examined the patient.

21. JUST, ALREADY, YET, RECENTLY, LATELY
Lately: recently, in recent times
The architects have built several buildings LATELY.
The students have solved a lot of questions LATELY.
Ali has studied hard RECENTLY.
She has painted her room RECENTLY.
Recently: lately, in recent times
son günlerde, son zamanlarda, bu yakında, bu aralar

22. JUST, ALREADY, YET, RECENTLY, LATELY
( ? ) (not)
Have you cleaned the car yet?
Has she bought a tv yet?
Have they answered your letter yet?
He has not / hasn’t eaten his toast yet.
We have not / haven’t done our homework yet.
She has not / hasn’t watered the flowers yet.

23. Up to the present, SO FAR, till now
Nobody has cleaned the room UP TO THE PRESENT.
They have watered seven fields SO FAR.
The patient has only drunk water TILL NOW.
So far: up until now, until this moment, thus far
Ever, never
Have you ever seen Rize?
Have you ever visited a foreign country?
Has he ever bought you a bunch of flowers?
I have never seen a kangaroo.
She has never sent me a letter.
We have never hurt each other.

24. They have gone to Istanbul. They are in Istanbul now.
Gone to, been to
She has gone to Ankara.
She is in Ankara now.
They have gone to Istanbul.
They are in Istanbul now.
She has been to ANKARA.
(She went there but she isn’t there now.)
They have been to Istanbul.
(They went to Istanbul but they are not in Istanbul, now)

25. . . She has gone to Ankara. She is in Ankara now. Ankara Kastamonu
She is still in Ankara.
She has gone to Ankara.

26. . . They have been to Istanbul. (They went to Istanbul but
they are not in Istanbul, now)
Kastamonu
Istanbul . .

27. E x e r c i s e s
TRANSLATE INTO TURKISH
How many books have you read so far?
They have vacuumed the carpets.
I’ve already seen that film.
The soldiers haven’t arrived yet.
How long have you been a teacher?
My brother has eaten seven eggs today.
Don’t wash that shirt. I’ve washed it.
We have eaten too much chicken since we began
the journey.

28. They have never climbed that mountain.
How much money have you paid for this car?
Your father is looking for you. Where have you been?
She has not eaten anything since she got up.
They have not seen each other for five years.