1. Week 14
• Explain the use of crude oil as a source of hydrocarbons, as well as their uses.
• Explain that the hydrocarbons in crude oil are separated using fractional distillation.
• Explain, in terms of van der Waals’ forces, the variations in the boiling points of different alkanes.
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2. Oil prices hit a record high in July 2006
Week 14
Oil prices hit a record high in July 2006
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3. Week 14 Fractionating column © Pearson Education Ltd 2008
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4. Effect of increasing chain length on the boiling points of alkanes
Week 14
Effect of increasing chain length on the boiling points of alkanes
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5. Effect of branching on the boiling points of alkanes
Week 14
Effect of branching on the boiling points of alkanes
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6. Describe the combustion of alkanes.
Week 14
Describe the combustion of alkanes.
• Explain the incomplete combustion of alkanes.
• Describe catalytic cracking to obtain more useful alkanes and alkenes from long-chain hydrocarbons.
• Describe further processing to form branched alkanes and cyclic hydrocarbons.
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7. Possible cracking reaction of dodecane, C12H26
Week 14
Possible cracking reaction of dodecane, C12H26
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8. Isomerisation reaction for pentane
Week 14
Isomerisation reaction for pentane
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9. Reforming process for pentane into cyclopentane
Week 14
Reforming process for pentane into cyclopentane
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10. Reforming process for pentane into cyclopentane
Week 14
Reforming process for pentane into cyclopentane
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11. Week 14
• Contrast the value of fossil fuels with an over-reliance on non-renewable fossil fuel reserves.
• Examine the importance of developing renewable plant-based fuels, such as alcohols and biodiesel.
• Contrast the value of fossil fuels with increased CO2 levels, leading to global warming and climate change.
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12. Week 14 Uses of crude oil © Pearson Education Ltd 2008
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13. • Explain the limitations of radical substitution in synthesis.
Week 14
• Describe the substitution of alkanes in the presence of ultraviolet radiation.
• Describe how homolytic fission leads to the mechanism of radical substitution in alkanes.
• Explain the limitations of radical substitution in synthesis.
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