1. (Accra, Ghana 30 Sept to 4 Oct 2013)
Capacity Building on Promoting Decent Work for Migrant Workers and Atypical Workers: Concepts, Instruments, Actions and Strategies
(Accra, Ghana 30 Sept to 4 Oct 2013)
Social Dialogue: A Vital Tool for Achieving Decent Work for Migrant Workers

2. The ILO’s Mandate
The Mandate of the ILO is based on the principle of tripartism and social dialogue to promote equity, equality and human dignity.
It core values are now enshrined as Decent Work i.e. promoting opportunities for men and women to realise, through social dialogue and tripartism, social justice, decent and productive work, in conditions of freedom, equality, security and human dignity.

3. Strategic Objectives of the DWA

4. Continues… S I O A C L I O A G L U E *Social Dialogue is both a Means
Promote Decent Employment Opportunities
Promote and Protect Rights at Work
Enhance Social Protection
Strengthen Social Dialogue in handling work-related issues
*Social Dialogue is both a Means
and an Objective.

5. Definition of Social Dialogue
All types of NEGOTIATION, CONSULTATION or Simply EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION, among or between the representatives of governments, employers and workers on issues of common interest relating to economic and social policy.
The consultations, negotiations or interactions in general can be formal or informal, institutionalized or not.

6. Continues…

7. Continues… 1
Information 2
Consultation 3
Negotiation

8. INFORMATION
X Y
CONSULTATION
NEGOTIATION

9. Continues…

10. Purpose of Social Dialogue
The main purpose of Social Dialogue is to promote consensus building and democratic involvement among the main stakeholders of the World of Work.
To create ownership among the parties over economic and social issues.
It is a tool for promoting better living and working conditions and greater social justice.
To reduce conflicts, advance industrial peace, boost productivity, ensure labour protection, and, in consequence, minimize the need for labour inspection

11. How The ILO Promotes Social Dialogue
The ILO promotes national social dialogue through:
- International Labour Standards
- Technical Cooperation
- Technical Assistance/Policy Advice

12. TYPOLOGY OF SOCIAL DIALOGUE

13. CYCLE OF SOCIAL DIALOGUE

14. Actors
Governments
Workers
Employers
Civil society (Tripartism +)

15. Civil Society
People on the periphery of formal systems of employment (self-employed, micro-entrepreneurs, dismissed former salaried workers, associations of home-workers, etc)
 NGOs

16. Forms of Social Dialogue
Bipartite: Workers and Employers
Tripartite: Government, Workers and Employers
Tripartite +: Government, Workers, Employers and Civil Society

17. Levels of Social Dialogue
International
Regional
National
Sector/Branch
Enterprise

18. International International Labour Conference
International Framework Agreements (STATOIL; IKEA, Telefónica, etc.)

19. Regional The Regional Economic Communities (RECs) in Africa:
LASC (Labour and Social Affairs Commission of the African Union)
UMA (Arab Magherb Union)
COMESA (Common Market for Eastren and Southern African)
CEN-SAD (Community of Sahel Saharan States)
EAC (East African Community)
ECCAS (Community of Central African States)
ECOWAS (Economic Community of West African States)
IGAD (Intergovernmental Authority on Development)
SADC (Southern Africa Development Community)

20. Continues… The Regional and Sub-regional TU Organizations in Africa:
ITUC-Africa - International Trade Union Confederation – African Regional Organization
OATUU - Organization of African Trade Union Unity
OTUWA – Organization of Trade Unions of West Africa
SATUCC – Southern African Trade Union Coordination Council
EATUC – East African Trade Union Confederation
TUFEA - Trade Union Federation of East Africa
USTIMA - Trade Union Confederation of Arab Magherb Workers

21. National National Tripatite & Bipartite Institutions:
Economic and Social Councils (Triparte +)
Tripartite Bodies e.g. TNF, LTAC, NTC, LAB, NTCC, LCC, NSSF, etc.
Bipartite Bodies e.g. TGNCs, CB Coms., Bipartite Coms on OSH, Social Protection, Gender Equality, etc.

22. Functions of National Tripartite and Bipartite Bodies
Development of policy initiatives
Participatory budgeting
Advice to Governments on policy issues
Consultations on policy formulation
Decision-making or recommendation on policy
Negotiation of Accords or Agreements
Supervision of implementation of Agreements

23. Enterprise Bipartite Consultative Committees
Collective Bargaining Committees

24. Conditions for Constructive Social Dialogue
Freedom of Association;
Democratic foundations;
Appropriate legislative and policy frameworks and well-resourced mechanisms conducive to, and supportive of Social Dialogue;
Strong and independent workers’ and employers’ organisations with legitimacy to speak and act with authority on behalf of their constituents;

25. Continues…
Political will and commitment to engage in social dialogue by all parties;
Mutual confidence among the parties and their respect for the results of the consultation process
Social acceptance of social dialogue;
Technical knowledge and capacity to participate competently in the tripartite dialogue;
Capacity to reconcile interests and deliver on agreements.

26. The Role of Government Build an Enabling Environment
Provide an Administrative Support
Create Conditions for Independent Organisations of Workers and Employers to Emerge

27. Role of All Partners Involvement in Policy Making
Training and Vocational Guidance
Involvement in Policy Making
Joint policies/CBA on Issues of Interest
Advising Governments/ILO/Regional Bodies
Sensitization of their Members

28. Continues… Show Great Respect for the Dialogue Process
Acceptance of the Principles of Interdependence
Show Great Respect for the Dialogue Process
Ensure Commitment in every Aspects of the Dialogue Process
Observe Flexibility & Ensure Wider Search for Consensus
Demonstrate High Level of Trust in the Dialogue Process

29. Issues Addressed by Social Dialogue 1
Wider Economic & Social Policy Issues:
Macroeconomic policy framework and economic growth
Structural change and transformation of the economy
Wage increases and inflation; monetary policy
Employment policy
Educational and vocational training
Productivity and economic competitiveness
Taxation and fiscal policy
Social welfare, security and protection
Economic and social strategies to deal with externally originating pressures for reform
Need to find word on 1st bullet

30. Issues Addressed by Social Dialogue 2
Labour & Industrial Relations Issues:
Wage settings, including minimum wage determination;
Labour legislation;
Working conditions;
Labour market policy;
Labour dispute settlement;
Occupational Safety and Health;
Green Economy and Sustainable Development.

31. Benefits of Social Dialogue Processes
Democratization of economic and social policy making
Legitimacy and ownership
Reduce social conflicts
Ease social tensions during economic hardship and transition periods

32. Continues… Social pacts Sustainable economic and labour reform
Bringing the social dimension to the economic policy reform agenda
National economic and social progress

33. Pitfalls of Social Dialogue
Narrow vested interests, blocking reforms
Lack of basic agreement on economic analysis and/or prescription
Lack of democratic accountability and legitimacy

34. Social Dialogue: A Vital Tool for the Domestic Labour Sector
Provides the forum for debate on the findings of a diagnostic research on the state of the country’s economy
Creates room for a joint determination of DWCP priorities, outcomes and outputs
Translates into adoption of consensus on procedures for the joint implementation, monitoring and evaluation of all aspects of DWCP

35. ILO Standards Related to Social Dialogue
Conventions:
Right of Association (Agriculture) Convention, 1921 (N°11)
Right of Association (Non-Metropolitan Territories) Convention, 1947 (N°84)
Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organize Convention, 1948 (N°87)
Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention, 1949 (N°98)
Workers’ Representatives Convention, 1971 (N°135)

36. Continues… Rural Workers’ Organisation Convention, 1971 (N°141)
Tripartite consultation (International Labour Standards) Convention, 1976 (N°144)
Labour relations (public service) Convention, 1978 (N°151)
Collective bargaining Convention, 1981 (N°154)

37. ILO Convention No. 87
Aims at protecting the free exercise of the right to organise of workers and employers vis-à-vis public authorities (independence)
Protects in law and in practice the freedom to establish organisations, prerequisite to the other guarantees enunciated in ILO instruments
The right to organise depends on three principles:
- That no distinction is made among those entitled to the right of association
- That there is no need for previous authorization to establish organisations
- That there is freedom of choice with regard to membership of such organisation

38. ILO Convention No. 144 Matters for consultation:
- Items on the ILO Conference agenda
- Consideration of new standards for ratification or implementation
- Re-examination of unratified Conventions, or Recommendations
- Reports to the ILO on ratified Conventions
- Proposals for the denunciation of ratified Conventions
Other matters for consultation (Recommendation N°152):
- ILO technical cooperation activities
- Resolutions and Conclusions of ILO Conferences and Meetings
- Promotion of better knowledge of ILO activities
- Any other issue

39. Continues… Recommendation:
Collective Agreements Recommendation, 1951 (N°91)
Voluntary Conciliation and Arbitration Recommendation, 1951 (N°92)
Cooperation at the Level of the Undertaking Recommendation, 1952 (N°94)
Consultation (Industrial and National Levels) Recommendation, 1960 (N°113)

40. Continues…
Communications within the Understanding Recommendation, 1967 (N°129)
Examinations of Grievances Recommendation, 1967 (N°130)
Workers’ Representatives Recommendation, 1971 (N°143)
Rural Workers’ Organisation, 1975 (N°149)
Labour Relations (Public Service) Recommendation, 1978 (N°159)
Collective Bargaining Recommendation, 1981 (N°163)

41. GROUP WORK
Give a brief description of the existing tripartite systems in your countries in terms of:
- Composition
- Mandate
- Frequency of meetings
- Priority issues for discussion
- How their conclusions and recommendations are treated by the governments and the social partners?
Suggest measures which in your opinion can boost the relevance and effectiveness of the tripartite systems for migrant workers in your respective countries.