1. Napoleon’s Aftermath
The Congress of Vienna

2. Homework Discussion
Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the Continental System.
What happens in Spain and what is the impact elsewhere in Europe?
Explain the relationship between Napoleon and Tsar Alexander I.
What was problematic about Napoleon’s war in Russia? Impact?
Review what happens between exile on Elba and exile on St. Helena?
Why is he exiled instead of killed?

3. Now that Napoleon is in exile (the second time), what should Europe do to move forward?

4. Goals Series of meetings held in Vienna
Q: Vienna is the capital of what country?
New framework for peace, security and stability in Europe
First meetings and decisions were secret, and happened the winter after Napoleon was defeated (1814)
Russia, Great Britain, Austria, Prussia, France

5. Metternich
Most influential in the meetings: Prince Klemens von Metternich
Foreign Minister of Austria
Distrusted French Revolution’s ideas of democracy and liberty

6. First goal: containment of France Prevent future French aggression by surrounding it with strong countries
Merged Austrian Netherlands with Holland, this becomes Kingdom of the Netherlands
German Confederation created out of 39 small German states, run by Austria
start of a unified Germany
Switzerland recognized as independent
Kingdom of Sardinia adds more Italian territory
start of a unified Italy

7. Second goal: Balance of power
Wanted to weaken France but not make it powerless
If they punished France, it might make the French vengeful
If they broke up France, other countries might take advantage of the situation
Result: France still a major power, but somewhat diminished

8. Third goal: Legitimacy Restore Europe’s royal families
Ruling families in France, Spain, Italian and German states all put back in power
Overall, Congress of Vienna was a big success
Stability returned to Europe
No wars fought in Europe for the next 40ish years

10. Political differences in Europe
Britain and France now both constitutional monarchies
Absolute monarchies still in control in Russia, Austria and Prussia

11. Conservative Europe
Rulers of some countries very fearful of the legacy of the French Revolution
Leaders of Austria, Prussia and Russia sign an agreement called the Holy Alliance
Idea was to base their relations with other countries on Christian principles and to fight revolutionary movements

12. Conservative Europe Metternich also devised the Concert of Europe
Alliances which are meant to prevent war
Despite tight control French revolution ideas could not be contained
Revolutions break out in Europe in 1830 and 1848 as a result

13. Revolution in Latin America
Just like the Americans threw the British out of the former colonies, Latin Americans started revolting
Haiti declares independence from France in 1804
Mexico declares independence from Spain in 1821
Brazil declares independence from Portugal in 1822
Rest of Latin America follows
Modeled governments after the United States AND included Napoleonic and French Revolution ideas