1. Lecture 1 – pp 1 – 44 C++ program design by Cohoon & Davidson
C++ programming
Lecture 1 – pp 1 – 44
C++ program design by Cohoon & Davidson
y k choi

2. Computing and the object-oriented design methodology
Basic computing terminology
Software
Engineering software
Object-oriented design
Summary
Pay attention to software and object-oriented design
y k choi
2/23/2019

3. Introduction – why OOP
Computers become indispensable facilities to make our lives easier and more comfortable if we can master them.
Computers rely on programs written by programmers to control its operations.
Software, nowadays, particularly, objected-oriented programming (OOP) has emerged for managing complex software development.
y k choi
2/23/2019

4. Basic Computing Terminology
Computing unit – response time and storage size
Computer organization – four components
Programming – basic assembly language
y k choi
2/23/2019

5. Computing unit
Computers are measured in terms of processing power – response time and its capacity
MIPS – million instructions per second. This is a performance indicator. It is related to the size of common system bus. 5 MIPS is better than 3 MIPS.
Twenty years ago – IBMPC, the memory was 64K. Nowadays, the memory is 256/512 M Bytes
AT that time, IBM XT means having a hard disk of 10M. Nowadays, the storage capacity of a hard disk is 40G.
y k choi
2/23/2019

6. Computer Organization
A computer consists of four components - ALU, memory, storage and I/O
Load instruction from memory and execute in CPU, store result to memory, disk or I/O
y k choi
2/23/2019

7. Fetch and Execute cycle
Write to hard disk
fetch
y k choi
2/23/2019

8. Binary Numbers
Integers – C++ uses 4 bytes to represent integer and 2’s complement to represent negative numbers
C++ uses one byte ASCII to represent alphanumeric characters
C++ uses 4 bytes (single precision) and IEE754 to represent floating point numbers.
C++ uses 2 bytes uni-code to represent non-English characters (Chinese and Japanese)
y k choi
2/23/2019

9. You can play around with C++ later
Integers -positive
Decimal 1: (binary)
Note that the most significant byte ( ) is stored in the highest memory location. That is if a location of 400 is used to store the above integer. The location is:
Address 400:
Address 401:
Address 402:
Address 403:
You can play around with C++ later
y k choi
2/23/2019

10. Negative numbers – 4 bytes in C++
Determine -1 decimal in 2’s complement
Step 1: write down the positive number first
Step 2: inverse it
Step 3: add 1
The purpose of using 2’s complement is to convert subtraction into addition, as there is no subtractor in CPU
y k choi
2/23/2019

11. It means a computer sending a pattern such as can be interpreted by all using this standard.
ASCII values
It was for communications and is now used for internal code.
Alphanumeric value
Binary value
Hexadecimal value 30 1 31 a 61 A 41
y k choi
2/23/2019

12. You can see high level language reduce the time to program computer
Programming (pp14-18)
A computer is a hardware consisting of four components.
It needs a program to direct the computer to perform some specific task.
The lowest level is machine language, while C++ is high level language
In c++, c = a + b; //one statement
Machine language: at least three statements
You can see high level language reduce the time to program computer
y k choi
2/23/2019

13. Logistics system? : application
Software (pp18 – 22)
There are two main types:
System software such as those for operating systems, Windows 98/2000, Linux, OS400 (for AS400), game engine (border line)
Application software such as inventory control, game, games, e-auction, personnel management
Logistics system? : application
y k choi
2/23/2019

14. Relationship among hardware, system software and application software
y k choi
2/23/2019

15. System software
Software that controls and manages the computing resources
Resources include memory, I/O devices and CPU
OS provides services such as memory allocation and I/O control
y k choi
2/23/2019

16. Development process for C++
Compile
Edit
Link
Source code
Load
Think
Execute
y k choi
2/23/2019

17. System software
Software that controls and manages the computing resources
Resources include memory, I/O devices and CPU
OS provides services such as memory allocation and I/O control

18. Object-oriented design (1)
It promotes thinking about software in a way that more closely models the way we think about interact with the real world.
You start to watch TVB
You take the remote control
You select channel number
You lay down in the sofa and enjoy the show
y k choi
2/23/2019

19. Object-oriented design (2)
You picked up the remote control (logical object)
The object has properties like weight and size
You don’t know how it works but knows how to push button
You push the button (interacting with TV)
The TV is an object with various properties
y k choi
2/23/2019

20. Summary Basic hardware: CPU, memory, storage and I/O
Data: Integer, floating point, ASCII
Language: low level to high level (C++)
Software: system software and application software
OOB: treat module as object
C++: object oriented language
y k choi
2/23/2019