1. The Building Blocks of Life
CELLS
The Building Blocks of Life

2. What is a Cell?
Small units that carry out all of an organism’s life activities.

3. Plant, Animal and Bacterial Cells
Eukaryotic – plant & animal
Nucleus (protects DNA)
Prokaryotic – bacteria
No nucleus (DNA floating inside cell)

4. Eukaryotic (plant & animal cells)

5. Prokaryotic (bacterial cells)

6. Cytology
The branch of life science, which deals with the study of cells in terms of structure, function and chemistry.
Cytopathology: the study of cellular disease and the use of cellular changes for the diagnosis of disease.
Cell Biology: the study of (normal) cellular anatomy, function and chemistry.

7. Important Contributions
Hooke
Leeuwenhoek
Virchow
Schleiden
Schwann

8. Who Did What? Robert Hooke Anton van Leeuwenhoek Mathias Schleiden
Theodor Schwann
Rudolph Virchow
Discovered cells when he looked at cork.
Discovered bacteria and protists.
Studied plants and plant cells.
Studied animals and animal cells.
Discovered that living cells only come from other living cells.

9. The Cell Theory All organisms are composed of one or more CELLS.
The cell is the basic unit of LIFE in all living things.
All cells come from EXISTING cells.

10. Cells . . . The Building Blocks of Life.

11. Levels of Biological Organization

12. The Cell Bacteria Somatic Cells Sex Cells Skin Bone Muscle Red blood
White blood
Cheek
Leaf
Sex Cells
Egg
Sperm

13. The Cell Unicellular Multicellular Organelles Made of a single cell.
Made of many cells.
Organelles
“Tiny Organs”
Structures within a cell that help it live, grow and reproduce.
All cells have a cell membrane, cytoplasm and DNA (nuclear material).

14. Tissues & Organs Tissues Organs Several cells working together.
Cells working in teams.
Ex. – muscle, nerve xylem, phloem
Organs
Several tissues working together.
Ex. – stomach, heart, leaf, roots, stem

15. Organ Systems & Organisms
Organs working together.
Ex. – digestive, respiratory, nervous, excretory, cardiovascular, leaf & root system
Organisms
Independent living; any living thing.
Ex. – animal, plant, fungi, protists, bacteria

16. Think Big . . . Population Community Ecosystem Biome Biosphere
Organisms of the same kind living in the same area; deer in a forest, fungi growing on a rotting log.
Two or more populations living in the same area; foxes, oak trees, lizards & flowers in a forest.
Communities of living organisms and abiotic factors in an area; rivers, lakes, small forests, prairies, your own backyard.
Ecosystems co-existing in a large geographical area; deciduous forest, tundra, desert, marine.
The Earth and surrounding atmosphere supporting all life.