1. Recap and finish the process
Respiration
Recap and finish the process

2. Mitochondria Basic Structure 0.5-1.0 µm in diameter and can be longer
Folded membranes (cristae) contain enzymes and provide a large surface area
These are the site for the majority of reactions in aerobic respiration

3. Glycolysis All happens in the cytoplasm
The products are Pyruvate which move onto the link reaction
All Reduced NAD (NADH + H) go to the final stage – oxidative phosphorylation
ATP are directly used for energy – for each glucose a net output of 2 ATP is achieved
Fats contribute glycerol which is converted into hexose bisphosphate
Proteins are converted into Pyruvate

4. Link Reaction - Mitochondria
Also known as the transition reaction
Carbon Dioxide is removed and a 2 carbon molecule created – Acetate
This is collected by Co-Enzyme A to created Acetyl CoA
Products – Carbon dioxide is waste and NADH+H+ goes to Oxidative Phosphorylation

5. Krebs Krebs Krebs Still in the matrix of the Mitochondria
Lots of Steps lots made and broken down
Net products for one turn are
CO2 X 2 - Waste
ATP X 1 - Energy
NADH+H+ X 3 – Oxidative Phosphorylation
FADH2 X 1 – Oxidative Phosphorylation

6. Final onto electron Carriers and Cristae Membrane Proteins
A bit like Photophosphorylation this one
It all involves electron carriers which are used to build up an electrochemical gradient to run ATP Synthase
Okay Ready

8. Lets consider the steps
NADH+H+ Lose their Hydrogen at the site of the electron transport chain
Hydrogen then splits into an ion H+ and an Electron
Electrons move along the electron transport chain and give energy to the carriers
The carriers then use the energy to pump protons (H+) from the matrix into the inter membrane space
Thus an electrochemical gradient is achieved
Protons move down the gradient through ATP synthase
ATP Synthase creates ATP from inorganic phosphate and adenosine di- phosphate – this is Chemiosmosis
Finally the proton joins with an electron (now low energy) and Oxygen to make – Water
The final part of Respiration is the same as the start of photosynthesis!

9. Summing up – this is in your books
Stage of Respiration
Molecules Created
ATP Created
Glycolysis
2 ATP 2
2 NADH+H+
2 x 2.5 = 5
Link Reaction (x2)
Krebs Cycle (x2)
2 FADH2
2 x 1.5 = 3
6 NADH+H+
6 x 2.5 = 115
Total for reaction for each Glucose molecule we make 32 ATP molecules
28 are made from Oxidative phosphorylation
How many do you think are made in anaerobic respiration?
No try the questions on page 138 of your books!