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Urban Patterns
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Urban Models Europe
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Applying the models outside North America
European cities In past, social segregation was vertical Poor in basements/attics Today (focus on Paris as example): Wealthy live in inner city (different than US) follow sector radiating from center (like Hoyt model) downtown preserved for tourism, historic reasons retain character (narrow lanes, Beaux Arts buildings, etc.) Some boulevards built in the 1800s
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Income Distribution in the Paris Region
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European Cities
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Applying the models outside North America
European cities In past, social segregation was vertical Poor in basements/attics Today (focus on Paris as example): Wealthy live in inner city (different than US) follow sector radiating from center (like Hoyt model) downtown preserved for tourism, historic reasons retain character (narrow lanes, Beaux Arts buildings, etc.) Some boulevards built in the 1800s Poor, minorities, largely former colonials, high % Muslim but not all clustered on outskirts (high-rise apts. = “projects”) so they don’t “scare” tourists leads to “ghettoization”
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Public Housing in Paris
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Paris Gentrification
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European Cities
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Applying the models outside North America
European cities In past, social segregation was vertical Poor in basements/attics Today (focus on Paris as example): Wealthy live in inner city (different than US) follow sector radiating from center (like Hoyt model) downtown preserved for tourism, historic reasons retain character (narrow lanes, Beaux Arts buildings, etc.) Some boulevards built in the 1800s Poor, minorities, largely former colonials, high % Muslim but not all clustered on outskirts (high-rise apts. = “projects”) so they don’t “scare” tourists leads to “ghettoization” Zoning policies/greenbelts avoid urban sprawl
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Urban Sprawl (Greenbelts designed to limit in the UK)
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Urban Models in LDCs
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Griffin-Ford Latin American Cities
wealthy push from center in an elite residential sector “spine” develops to service needs of wealthy Often along boulevard Griffin-Ford Latin American Cities
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The Spine
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The Spine
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Griffin-Ford Latin American Cities
wealthy push from center in an elite residential sector “spine” develops to service needs of wealthy Often along boulevard Zone of maturity Middle-class, well-kept Zone of in situ accretion Lower working class Moving up or down Squatter settlements Outside highway ring perifico ciudades perdades, favelas “disamenity” Sewer system Steep hillsides = Rio Griffin-Ford Latin American Cities
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Squatter settlements
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Squatter settlements
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Squatter settlements
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Islamic cities walled, courtyards, why? climate bazaars
(purdah) climate lightly colored to reflect heat, recapture/recycle water bazaars mosques, minarets concentric hierarchy of services
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Other non-Western urban models
SE Asian Model McGee (1967) Port is focus Periphery, Semi-periphery serving core CBD split into separate clusters Govt. zone Western commercial zone Alien commercial zone global migration flow # dominated by Chinese Larger middle-class on outskirts
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Other non-Western urban models
Sub-Saharan Africa Fastest growing cities Difficult to model 3 CBDs Old colonial Vertical development
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Colonial CBD
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Other non-Western urban models
Sub-Saharan Africa Fastest growing cities Difficult to model 3 CBDs Old colonial Vertical development Traditional Curbside single story
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Traditional CBD
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Other non-Western urban models
Sub-Saharan Africa Fastest growing cities Difficult to model 3 CBDs Old colonial Vertical development Traditional Curbside single story informal/periodic Open air
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Periodic Market
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Other non-Western urban models
Sub-Saharan Africa Fastest growing cities Difficult to model 3 CBDs Old colonial Vertical development Traditional Curbside single story informal/periodic Open air Encircled by ethnic or mixed neighborhoods, Why? Most African states are multiethnic legacy of superimposed borders Mining and manufacturing sector Squatter settlements rapid urbanization similar to Latin American model
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