1. MUMT611: Music Information Acquisition, Preservation, and Retrieval
An Overview of MPEG-21
Alexandre Savard
MUMT611: Music Information Acquisition, Preservation, and Retrieval
January 2006
Every one here is presenting a different kind of multimedia framework to be used in many different situations. As we think about…
Do we need an other One today???
During this presentation I will convince you that maybe we need an other one.
In fact I will convince you that mine is better

2. Content Introduction Background / Motivation Multimedia Framework
User Model
Digital Item
MPEG-21 Overview
A nine parts description
Conclusion
Stress a bit more on both background and motivation Definition of the Multimedia Framework
Gives us a better understanding of what is MPEG-21
Then I will make a nine parts overview of MPEG-21 before Concluding

3. Background / Motivation
Multiplication of the different
types of digital content
Number of access devices
increases
Organization of data / metadata /
meta-metadata
Control the use and the access
of the datas
Denis presentation shows an exemple We can clearly notice a
How recent development technologies push… of busines models The market is full of new access device. Usable
Physical goods
It is Clear that new model for distribution and trading digital content electronically are required.

4. Multimedia Framework MPEG-21 aims at defining a
normative open framework for
multimedia delivery and
consumption
Based on two essential concepts
The User
The Digital Item
The goal of MPEG-21 is to define an open framework (any type of digital content)
To be used by all the player in the delivery and consumption chain.
This framework is based on two concept definition of a fundamental unit
the concept of user interacting with the digital item

5. Multimedia Framework
Defining the technology needed to support Users to exchange, access, consume, trade and otherwise manipulate Digital Items in an efficient, transparent and interoperable way.
The goal of MPEG-21 can thus be rephrased to:

6. User Model Can be Someone or an Entity Defined by its interaction
Individuals, consumers, communities,
organizations, governments,
corporations…
Defined by its interaction
with the digital item
Can interact with an other
User
Can be someone or an entity that interact in the MPEG-21 environment.
The digital item becomes the object of the interaction.
It is the reason why here is defined as well who are… USER INTERACTION between them

7. Digital Item Any type of digital material or any combination of them
Pictures, videos, texts, web pages,
software…
An other aspect of the digital revolution is that not only people are CONSUMING more but also PRODUCING
Digital Item is quite a large set of very different kind of material pictures, videos, texts, web pages, or COMBINATION
A Single flexible definition of it has to be suitable to for every forms that digital item can take.

8. MPEG-21 Part 1: Vision, Technologies and Strategy
Technical report to describe
the architectural elements of
the multimedia framework
It is the primary step of the entire project.
It has been completed and formally approved in September 2001.

9. MPEG-21 Part 2: Digital Item Declaration
Set of abstract terms and
concepts to form a useful
model for defining Digital
Items.
Normative description of the
syntax of each of the DID
elements

10. MPEG-21 Part 2: Digital Item Declaration
Elements of the DID
Container
Item
Component / Descriptor / Resource
Condition / Choice / Selection
Here is an NON-EXHAUSTIVE list of some of the most important elements that we can found in the DID
CONTAINERS groups the Items or even other containers
ITEMS are declarative representation of Digital Item
RESOURCE can be any picture, video clip, audio clip

11. MPEG-21 Part 2: Digital Item Declaration
This figure presents the
relationship of the principle elements within the DID model.

12. This figure presents the
Actual format for MPEG-21.

13. MPEG-21 Part 3: Digital Item Identification
Uniquely identify Digital Items
and different types of Digital
Item
Frameworks are identified by
encapsulating Uniform
Resource Identifiers
The DDI is mainly a proposition to
Here what is called the URI are COMPAT STRING of CHARACTER for identifying an abstract or a physical resource.

14. MPEG-21 Part 3: Digital Item Identification
This figure presents the
Relationship between Digital Item Declaration and Digital Item Identification

15. MPEG-21 Part 3: Digital Item Identification
Here is an Example
Of all the Metadata and Identifiers within an MPEG-21 Music Album
The cover, backcover each track with their lirics and the metadata related to it.

16. MPEG-21 Part 4: Intellectual Property
To define an interoperable
framework to manage and
protect the intellectual
property
Include standardized ways of
exchanging message between
IPMP tools.
One of the problem mpeg-4’s IPMP was that
Many similar devices and player built by different manufacturer are not interworking
Efforts are currently ongoing to define the requirements for the IPMP.

17. MPEG-21 Part 5: Rights Expression Language
Declaration of rights and
permissions defined as a
machine-readable language
Composed of four fundamental
entities and the relationships
among them
It provide a MECHANISM
to support use of the Digital Item
in PUBLISHING DISTRIBUTING CONSUMING in a way that protect digital content

18. MPEG-21 Part 5: Rights Expression Language
Issued to the PRINCIPAL which can be the USER
Associated with the RESOURCE or the DIGITAL ITEM itself
Subject to some CONDITIONS

19. MPEG-21 Part 6: Rights Data Dictionary
Provides a definition of all the
terms used in the Rights
Expression Language
Further Terms may be defined
It is extendable
At the beginning there were something like 400 definition
extended to 1000.

20. MPEG-21 Part 7: Digital Item Adaptation
Provides all the network and
terminal resources where
multimedia content can be
created and shared
A Digital Item is subject to:
a Descriptor Adaptation Engine
a Resource Adaptation Engine
To SHIELD the USER
from NETWORK and INSTALLATION issues.

21. MPEG-21 Part 7: Digital Item Adaptation
Whole Concept of Digital Item ADAPTATION
Here you have a digital that pass through both the descriptor adaptation engine and the ressource engine. It results in a modified digital item.

22. MPEG-21 Part 7: Digital Item Adaptation
Specific items for standardization
User Characteristics
Terminal Capabilities
Network Characteristics
Natural Environment Characteristics
Resource Adaptability
Session Mobility
Preferences exemples of NEC illumination, auditory noise-levels
HARDWARE-RELATED specs
Description of Bandwidth, delay and error

23. MPEG-21 Part 8: Reference Software
First systems-related specifications in
MPEG-21
DI browser:
The development of the Reference Software have been based
on the requirements that have been defined for an architecture
for processing Digital Items.

24. MPEG-21 Part 8: Reference Software
User can edit the resources

25. MPEG-21 Part 9: File Format
Complex collection of information
Still / Dynamic media
Digital Item Information
Metadata
Layout Information
Inherit several concepts from MPEG-4
Finally MPEG-21 is
That include

26. Bibliography
All my information comes form the Formal report PART 1 of the MPEG-21 project.

27. Conclusion
Can be a good exemple for us.