1. Life after Charlemagne
Feudalism and Manorialism

2. The fall of the Carolingian Empire
Louis the Pious ( )
Charlemagne’s son Character
The Arrangement of the Empire 817 causes a civil war between his 4 sons
The Treaty of Verdun (843)
Charles the Bald, Louis the German and Lothar
They were all too weak to keep local lords in check (used land to gain favors)

3. The Treaty of Verdun

4. Feudalism Accelerated by the invasions of the 9th Century
Vikings
Magyars (Hungary)
Muslims
New social order needed because Kings and Emperors could no longer protect people

5. Feudalism: The new political order
The basis is the fief which was granted by a lord to a vassal
Vassals swore an oath of Fealty and promised military service
Other duties
Vassals could become lords
Result: Political power became property for great counts and lords

6. Mutual Obligations Feudal contract
Lord granted his vassal a fief (estate / land)
Peasants to work the land were included as part of the fief

7. Manorialism: The new economic order
The role of the Serf (Servile)
Obligations
3 days a work days a week, maintain the manor, they belong to manor
Must pay to use services, a tax to both the lord and the Church (Tithe)
Subject to the lords justice, not really free
They received a small plot for themselves (Approx. 1 acre)
The Manor…self sufficient…no real trade
Barter System

8. Knights,Chivalry and Castles
Began as a squire
Attempt to win land (how)
Castles
From wood to stone
Attack
Defense

9. Knights Knights – Mounted warriors Age of 7
Boy was slated to be a Knight
Difficult training as a Squire
Structured discipline
Chivalry

10. Chapter 7 section 3
The Medieval Church

11. The Expanded Role of the Clergy
Early Caesaropapism: Popes of this time were forced to assume both temporal and spiritual authority
Doctrine of Papal supremacy
Pope Gregory the Great ( ) (Chant)
exercised independent Temporal power (ex: helped the poor)
The importance of the Church
Center of town life (all important events happen there)
Rise of cathedrals

12. Romanesque v. Gothic Architecture
Romanesque Architecture: 11th and 12th Centuries
Fortress like appearance, rounded arch, heavy ceilings to support massive thick walls, small windows very little light or color
Gothic Architecture (Began in the late 1100’s)
Between 1180 and Gothic Cathedrals were built in France
Pointed arches (flying buttresses) high ceilings, thin walls, stained glass windows, light, color

17. Church Influence
Canon Law – based on religious teachings, governed many aspects of life, including wills, marriages, and morals
Disobey?
Excommunication
Interdict
Excluding an entire town/region/kingdom from receiving sacraments

18. Monastic life
St. Benedict (Monte Cassino 529): The rules for monastic life
The Role of Monks and Nuns
Manuscript illumination
Missionary work (St. Boniface)
Hospitals, education of farmers

19. Corruption and Reform As power grew discipline weakened
Wealth and positions of power began to corrupt the intentions of the Church
Lay Investiture
Simony
Marriage, etc.