1. ADEA Biennale 2008 Presenters: Wim Hoppers and Steven Obeegadoo
19 February 2019
Challenges and Approaches to Expanding Learning Opportunities in Sub-Saharan Africa: Post Primary Education
Presenters: Wim Hoppers and Steven Obeegadoo
Mamadou Ndoye

2. Why PPE? Demand factors: Social aspirations/expectations
ADEA Biennale 2008
19 February 2019
Why PPE?
Demand factors: Social aspirations/expectations
Supply factors: Economic and political rationale
Mamadou Ndoye

3. ADEA Biennale 2008
19 February 2019
Why now?
The context:
›The EFA thrust : mobilization/financing/monitoring
Progress towards UPE: 80.8m (1999) → 109.6m (2005)
Impact on Sec. Ed.: m (1999) → 33.2m (2005)
Impact on Tertiary Ed.: 2.1m (1999) → 3.5m (2005)
›Runaway population growth!
Mamadou Ndoye

4. What next? Do we take charge or do we allow events to take charge?!!
ADEA Biennale 2008
19 February 2019
What next?
Do we take charge or
do we allow events to take charge?!!
Mamadou Ndoye

5. Moving beyond primary education
ADEA Biennale 2008
19 February 2019
Moving beyond primary education
What responses have emerged?
from ‘primary’ to expanded ‘basic education’
extending length of basic education to 9-10 years for all
expanding scope of basic education
integration of education and skills development
diversifying pathways of learning for access and completion: formal / non-formal / open learning / distance / faith-based, etc.
distinction between basic education and post-basic education (PBE)
Mamadou Ndoye

6. Implications for a new perspective
ADEA Biennale 2008
19 February 2019
Implications for a new perspective
focus on competencies as outcomes of learning
range of provisions involving many different partners
MOE no longer sole provider because of decentralisation and privatisation; more focus on coordination, support, supervision and quality control
major concern for vertical and horizontal articulation: the ‘ladders and bridges’
increased use of remedial and second chance education
more emphasis on equivalence, validation of learning, credit transfers, and qualifications frameworks
Mamadou Ndoye

7. Guiding concepts and principles
ADEA Biennale 2008
19 February 2019
Guiding concepts and principles
recognition of equity of access and of outcomes
combining PPE agenda with completing unfinished business of UPE
recognition of diversity and complexity in the education system
moving towards holistic + integrative approach to PPE development
more balancing of quantity with quality and relevance
‘quality’ less in academic terms, and more in terms of socio-economic relevance
emphasis on equity and cost-effectiveness
balancing private demand with economic opportunities
Mamadou Ndoye

8. Challenges for Governance in PPE
ADEA Biennale 2008
19 February 2019
Challenges for Governance in PPE
Grounding PPE expansion in African realities???
Education + economics : a powerful mix!
Ministries for Education and Training- how many do we need?
Priority to UPE v/s Focus on UBE + attention to TVET & HE?
Can the state go it alone?
Quantity or Quality… which comes first?
Build consensus & carry through reforms:what does it take?
Institutional development + capacity building for sustainability….but how?
Mamadou Ndoye

9. PPE expansion and the sustainable funding dilemma
ADEA Biennale 2008
19 February 2019
PPE expansion and the sustainable funding dilemma
Increasing cost efficiency of present educational spending?
Increasing public funding for PPE?
Generating more non-government local funding: PPPs?
Scaling up development assistance for PPE?
Mamadou Ndoye

10. More of the same? Or Expansion as Transformation?
ADEA Biennale 2008
19 February 2019
More of the same? Or Expansion as Transformation?
Reaching out to the excluded: Rural/Poor/ Girls..
>Targeting i. The unschooled,
ii. The drop-outs,
iii the inadequately schooled?
From the traditional elitist system to an inclusive mass basic education + needs-driven TVET and HE:
Do we have what it takes?
Mamadou Ndoye

11. Expected outcomes Have we gained Awareness of changing realities?
ADEA Biennale 2008
19 February 2019
Expected outcomes
Have we gained
Awareness of changing realities?
Increased understanding through shared experiences?
More of a common vision about changes needed?
An evidence-based framework for policy and practice?
How to bring about change at national level?
Commitment to new partnerships?
Mamadou Ndoye