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Angiographic anatomy of the grafted left internal mammary artery

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1 Angiographic anatomy of the grafted left internal mammary artery
Antonio M Calafiore, MD, Marco Contini, MD, Angela L Iacò, MD, Nicola Maddestra, MD, Leonardo Paloscia, MD, Teresa Iovino, MD, Michele Di Mauro, MD  The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  Volume 68, Issue 5, Pages (November 1999) DOI: /S (99)

2 Fig 1 The left internal mammary artery, harvested through a median sternotomy, shows a new branch (A) that goes down to reach the epicardium near the anastomosis (B). The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (99) )

3 Fig 2 Common origin with the inferior thyroid artery and the suprascapular artery. The left internal mammary artery is harvested through a median sternotomy (A) and through a left anterior small thoracotomy (B). In B a lateral costal artery is present. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (99) )

4 Fig 3 Presence of the lateral costal artery. The left internal mammary artery is harvested through a median sternotomy (A) and through a left anterior thoracotomy (B). The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (99) )


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