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Enlightenment vs. Romanticism

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1 Enlightenment vs. Romanticism

2 Enlightenment vs. Romanticism
Key Terms: Neoclassicism Western movements in visual arts, literature, theater, music, and architecture drawing inspiration from “classical art” and the Ancient Greek and Roman culture Enlightenment Philosophical movement in 17th/18th Europe; known as the Age of Enlightenment or Age of reason Emphasis on rationalism

3 Enlightenment/Neoclassical Period (1600s-1750s) Intellectual Awakening
Challenged authority Religious Political Embraced “deism” Scientific inquiry Investigation Experiement

4 Enlightenment/Neoclassical Period (1600s-1750s) Intellectual Awakening
Francois Marius Granet- Ingres Reason Intellect Knowledge Order History held in high regard- (Greek & Roman) Scientists, Philosophers, Writers, & Inventors Issac Newton (laws of motion) John Locke Thomas Jefferson Benjamin Franklin Patrick Henry (Greek reference) Portrait of Alphonse Leroy- Jacques Louis David

5 Enlightenment/ Neoclassical Period
The Oath of Hiratii- David Enlightenment/ Neoclassical Period Death of Socrates- David Experience Truth- study the past Balance Order Restraint of emotion

6 Enlightenment/ Neoclassical Period
Life, Liberty, and Property (John Locke) Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness (Jefferson) Founding Fathers- Deism (clockmaker) Belief in supreme being, who remains unknowable/untouchable “clockmaker God” = universe moves forward w/out God’s supervision Government Architecture Both Greek & Roman (domes, columns, and democracy)

7 Enlightenment/ Neoclassical
Pendulum Swing Enlightenment/ Neoclassical Romanticism Revolt against aristocratic society/politics in terms of Age of Enlightenment Reaction against scientific rationalization of nature Almost complete opposite philosophy

8 Dualists- reality subsists in both thought and matter
Epistemology- study of knowledge; where it comes from, its limitations, and how it is acquired Enlightenment A posteriori Only knowable with experience (dependent) Ex. All crows are black. Materialists- reality subsists in matter Romanticism A priori Knowable without experience (independent) Ex. All crows are birds. Idealists- reality subsists in thought Dualists- reality subsists in both thought and matter

9 Romanticism (1750s-late 1800s)
Individual Personal Concentration on the genius, hero, artist Senses over intellect; Emotions over reason Imaginative & Creative Sentimental Wanderer- Friedrich

10 Romanticism Beauty of Nature Experience of spiritual truth Inspiration
The Solitary Tree, Friedrich Beauty of Nature Experience of spiritual truth Inspiration Visionary Mysterious Spontaneous Folk culture Exotic origins Couple gazing at the moon- Friedrich George Caleb Bingham Fur Traders Decending the Missouri, 1845

11 Romanticism-Two Sides
Transcendentalism Simple life Close relationship to nature Self-reliance and individualism Inherent goodness of people Ralph Waldo Emerson Henry David Thoreau American Gothic People not always good Human capacity for evil Explored human psychology & motivation Edgar Allen Poe Nathaniel Hawthorne Kindred Spirits- Asher B. Durand The Visage of War- Salvador Dali

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