2. Composition of Matter Everything in the universe in made up of MATTER.
What is Matter?
Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass.

3. Mass vs. Weight What is the difference between mass and weight?
Weight is Gravity dependent and mass is not

4. States of Matter All atoms are in constant motion
The rate at which atoms move determine their state.
3 states: solid, liquid, and gas.

5. Solid Very tightly linked atoms Definite shape Fixed volume
Slow molecular movement

6. Liquid Atoms not as tightly linked as solids No define shape
Fixed volume
Molecular movement faster than solid

7. Gas Little or no linkage or attraction No definitive shape
Volume not fixed
Very fast molecular movement

8. Atoms What is an atom? Made up of Sub-Atomic particles
The basic unit of matter
Made up of Sub-Atomic particles
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons

9. Cont’d Proton Neutrons Electrons Positively (+) charged particles
Particles that have a neutral or no charge
Electrons
Negatively (-) charged particles

10. Happiness All elements want to be at the lowest energy state possible.
That translates into 8 electrons in the outermost energy level.
Elements with 8 electrons in the outermost shell are non-reactive

11. Elements What is an element?
A pure substance that is made up of entirely one atom
100 elements identified
90% of the mass of living organisms is composed of 4 elements
Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen, & Nitrogen,
Elements are represented by a one or two letter symbol Ex
C stands for Carbon
Na stands for sodium

12. Elements cont’d Atomic number
Atomic Symbol
  Atomic Mass
Atomic number
An elements atomic number is the number of protons in an atom of the element
Carbon has 6 protons so its atomic number is 6

14. Isotopes
Isotopes are atoms of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons they contain.
Same chemical properties

15. Chemical Compounds What is a compound
A substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions Ex
H2O
2 hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom