1. The Impact of Contact page 36
Grade 7 Socials Chapter 2
The Impact of Contact page 36

2. I. Early contact in the Maritimes What is “contact”?
Contact is the term historians use to refer to the time when Europeans first came to North America.

4. 2. Where did contact first take place?
Contact first took place on the Atlantic Coast.

5. The Matthew – sailed from Bristol, England

6. John Cabot aka Giovanni Caboto

7. Jacques Cartier meeting the Aboriginal people of North America

8. 3. What happened when the First Nations people first met the European newcomers?
FN were curious; mostly willing to mix with Europeans
Europeans needed help to survive
Both groups recognized benefits of trade
FN had furs – Europeans traded with metal pots, knives, guns, blankets, etc.

12. The French and English set up trading posts.

14. Early Settlers

16. Treaties: 4. What is a “treaty”
A treaty is an agreement between two or more nations.
It sets out each nations’ rights and responsibilities and is meant to be honored and respected by each nation.

18. Several different reasons such as: To settle a war
5. Why are treaties made?
Several different reasons such as:
To settle a war
To agree on economic issues

19. 6. Why did the British and the First Nations people sign treaties?
Believed that the treaties would ensure peace and allow them to keep their way of life for future generations.

21. FN agreed to act peaceably towards British
7. What were the main ideas of the Covenant Chain of Treaties , also known as Treaties of Peace and Friendship?
FN agreed to act peaceably towards British
British agreed to respect FN’s rights
**FN did NOT agree to give up land or natural resources
These treaties still apply to FN in the Maritimes today

24. The Effect of the Fur Trade

25. 8. Before Europeans came, how did the First Nations people meet their needs and wants?
Hunted, fished, and gathered food, finding the best food sources at each time of the year

27. Became used to using European goods such as cloth and flour
9. How did this change after Europeans came and First nations became involved in the Fur Trade?
Spent more time hunting for fur- bearing animals such as fox or beaver to trade
Spent less time hunting and fishing for their own needs (for food, traditional uses)
Became used to using European goods such as cloth and flour

31. Beaver pelts used to make hats

33. 10. What was the result?
Their lifestyle changed from one in which they could meet their own needs and wants to a lifestyle of being dependant on others.

35. The Effects of European Settlement

36. 11. How did the European idea of private ownership affect the First Nations people?
In order to build the settlements, forests were cut down, fences built; fewer places to hunt
Rivers, lakes, oceanfronts were being taken over; FN lost access to these important sources of food

42. The Beothuk,
Page 39

43. 12. Describe the seasonal cycle of the Beothuk.
Fishing, gathering shellfish, sealing along the coast in spring and summer
Hunting for caribou and other fur- bearing animals in fall and winter
Also traveled to places to get stone for tools and arrowheads

44. Beothuk canoe

45. Beothuk Mamateek

46. 13. How did the arrival and settlements of Europeans affect the Beothuk way of life?
Although there were only about Beothuk in Newfoundland at the time of Contact, the arrival of the Europeans caused the Beothuk to become extinct.

47. 14. There are three main reasons that the Beothuk became extinct
14. There are three main reasons that the Beothuk became extinct. They are:
Beothuk didn’t mix well with the Europeans
Fighting, mistrust and conflict; many Beothuk were killed
European settlements took over traditional Beothuk territory (food sources);
Contact with Europeans brought disease for which they had no resistance; killed many Beothuk

48. http://prezi.com/bmc_pxl0ngv4/untitled- prezi/