1. The New Deal Ch. 16 sec. 1
*FDR elected in Nov did not take office until March 1933
--long wait for the “New Deal”
*FDR’s 1st plan = restore hope for Americans & confidence in the U.S.
*”The only thing we have to fear is, fear itself.”
--Fireside chats—FDR addressed nation over the radio & his easy manner helped build confidence for America’s future
--New Deal = relief, recovery, & reform programs of the FDR presidency that combated the Gr. Dep.
*FDR would use the government to take control of the situation & make its role LARGER…something Republicans did not want to do.

2. *1st—FDR closed the nation’s banks for 4 days---Emergency Banking Act---allowed the govt. to inspect the health of the banks----promised Americans that banks would not fail
--More Americans had confidence in the banks & put their money back------allowed banks to give out loans to stimulate the economy.
--created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. (FDIC)—insures bank deposits
*Federal Securities Act (1933) & Securities & Exchange Commission (1933)---set up to regulate stock market
*Set up Federal Emergency Relief Admin. (FERA)
--help w/ relief agencies & give them $$$

3. *Public works programs---govt. funded projects to build facilities
--CWA---Civil Works Administration
--put unemployed to work building or improving roads, parks, airports…etc million jobs created
--CCC---Civilian Conservation Corps.
--FDR’s favorite program —2.5 million unmarried men put to work maintaining forests, beaches, & parks.
--earned $30/month --lived in camps for free w/ food & medical care
*Indian Reorganization Act stopped the sale of tribal lands & restored some lands to Indian owners.

4. *Govt. Regulating Economy----
-1933—National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA)
--est. the Natl. Recovery Admin.—set up fed. codes to regulate wages, control working conditions, production, prices,
--helped organized labor…..set up agencies to help w/ all kinds of needs for Americans
*WPA---Works Progress Admin.---built huge projects, like bridges, dams, and highways (Florida Keys)
*HOLC---Home Owner’s Loan Corp.---helped middle-class families keep up w/ their mortgage payments. ---still millions of Americans lost their homes
*FHA---Federal Housing Admin.---govt. owned corp.—improved housing standards & conditions, insure mortgages….

5. AAA---Agricultural Adjustment Admin
*AAA---Agricultural Adjustment Admin.---tried to raise farm prices by giving fed. $$$ to farmers to cut production of certain crops…
*TVA---Tennessee Valley Authority---helped farmers & create jobs----huge project & very popular
--reactivated a hydroelectric power plant from WWI
--gave cheap electric power, flood control & recreational fun for Tenn. River valley

7. *Key players in the New Deal---
-Brain Trust---FDR surrounded himself w/ very smart advisors & educated men
-FDR = 1st President ever to appoint a woman to a cabinet post---Sec. of Labor
-hired African Americans for policy making posts---unprecedented!
*Eleanor Roosevelt---traveled for her hubby & got support for New Deal---took the role of First Lady to a new level…..
**Reported to FDR about what was happening in America, b/c of her travels.
*MANY Americans worried about the New Deal giving so much power to the federal govt.
-Supreme Court ruled AAA & NIRA unconstitutional…..gave President lawmaking powers….back to the drawing board….

8. *The Second New Deal---
--began to respond to agricultural workers….farmers
--set up the Resettlement Admin.---loaned money to owners of small farms & helped resettle tenant farmers & sharecroppers.
--Rural Electrification Admin. (REA)---offered loans to electric companies to get electricity out to rural areas for farmers (homes & barns)
*98% of U.S. farms soon would have electricity……farmers used electric appliances………..
*New Labor Legislation---
-designed to protect workers’ rights
--Wagner Act —legalized union acts like collective bargaining & closed shops---workplaces for only union members
--outlawed spying on unions, blacklisting
--set up the NLRB—National Labor Relations Board
--enforces the Wagner Act

9. *The Social Security System---
--created by the Social Security Act-1935—
--provided financial security, as regular payments, to people who could not support themselves
a.k.a.—Old-age pensions & survivors’ benefits
--workers paid into a national fund while working & could w/draw funds once they reached 65 years of age.
*Aid for Dependent Children (ADC)--- federal grants given to support children, the blind, and the disabled
*1936 Election---
--Democrats = FDR Republicans = Alfred M. Landon
--FDR kicks butt!!!!! He carried every state except Maine & Vermont! in the E.C.!
*Proved that almost EVERY American was behind the New Deal and its policies and laws………