1. Shutter Speed Aperture ISO/ASA
Exposure
Shutter Speed Aperture ISO/ASA

3. Understanding exposure
EXPOSRURE is one of the most critical elements of photography. There are three adjustable elements that control the exposure: ISO, Aperture and Shutter Speed.

4. (4) ISO The measure of a camera sensor’s sensitivity to light (5) Shutter Speed The amount of time that the shutter is open (11) Aperture The size of the opening in the lens when a picture is taken

6. Longer shutter speeds = more light
Controls the speed at which the shutter opens and closes
The shutter blocks all light from exposing the film UNTIL you press the button. Then it quickly opens and closes, giving the film a brief flash of light.
You can control the length of time the shutter remains open by setting the SHUTTER SPEED.
It determines how long the shutter stays open.
The longer exposures ( like 1 second ) give much more light to the film than a 1/1000 of a second exposure. So even though the number may look bigger, don't be deceived! (Think fractions….1/2 of a pie is larger than 1/8 of a pie).
Longer shutter speeds = more light
Shorter shutter speeds = less light

7. What shutter speed to use
A standard shutter speed is 1/125 or 1/250 of a second – these speeds are appropriate for a normally lit outdoor shoot.
Bright, sunny day/ excessive light – use a faster speed such as1/500
Overcast or late afternoon – a slower speed should be used, such as 1/60
A shutter speed slower than 1/60 of a second should only be used with a tripod

8. LIST of shutter speeds

9. LIST of shutter speeds

11. APERTURE
Before light reaches film, it must pass through an opening called an "Aperture".
Like the pupil in a human eye, the aperture on a camera controls light. It does so by closing up to restrict light, and opening to let light in.
Smaller F-stop number = larger aperture opening
Larger aperture openings = more light exposing film

12. APERTURE
The f stop number indicates a fraction of the aperture opening in relation to the focal length of the lens
Each f stop allows half as much light as the f stop before it
The larger the f stop number, the smaller the hole in the lens
(example f/5.6 is LARGER than f/22)

13. What aperture to use DEPTH OF FIELD
A standard aperture is around f.8 or f.11
DEPTH OF FIELD
The easiest way to understand how to control the zone of focus in a photograph is to remember the following:
Large f stop number (for example, f.22) = large DOF
Small f stop number (for example, f.4) = small DOF

15. LIST of F.STOPS

16. ISO (International organiSation for standardiSation )
Is the sensitivity of the film or imaging sensor to light
The ISO is often referred to as ‘light speed’
The faster the film speed, the higher the sensitivity of the film to light
The higher the number, the higher the degree to sensitivity
High ISO = Poor lighting conditions (for example indoors without a flash)

18. A metaphor for exposure
Imagine your camera is like a window with shutters that open and close. Aperture is the size of the window. If it’s bigger more light gets through and the room is brighter. Shutter Speed is the amount of time that the shutters of the window are open. The longer you leave them open the more that comes in. Now imagine that you’re inside the room and are wearing sunglasses. Your eyes become desensitized to the light that comes in (it’s like a low ISO). There are a number of ways of increasing the amount of light in the room (or at least how much it seems that there is. You could increase the time that the shutters are open (decrease shutter speed), you could increase the size of the window (increase aperture) or you could take off your sunglasses (make the ISO larger).

22. 1. What are the 3 elements of exposure?
In your notebooks…
Answer the following question:
1. What are the 3 elements of exposure?

23. In your notebooks…
Answer the following question:
2. What is ISO?
3. A print with a higher ISO will have more ___________ than a print with a lower ISO.

24. 4. What is shutter speed? In your notebooks…
Answer the following question:
4. What is shutter speed?

25. 6. A smaller aperture opening lets in ______ light. (f/22)
In your notebooks…
Answer the following questions in your notebook:
5. What is aperture?
6. A smaller aperture opening lets in ______ light. (f/22)
7. A larger aperture opening lets in ______ light. (f/1.8)