2. Layers of the Earth

3. Think of the layers of the Earth like the layers of a cake.

4. Chemical Composition: Type of rock and density of material in each layer Physical Properties: Whether the material in each layer is solid and rigid or plastic and fluid.

5. How can we talk about the layers of the Earth?
Chemical Composition of the Earth
Outermost
Innermost
CRUST
MANTLE
CORE

6. How can we talk about the layers of the Earth?
Outermost: The layer that is outside of all the other layers
The Crust
Innermost: The layer
that is inside of all the
other layers
The Core
CMC
CRUST
MANTLE
CORE

7. Crust Hard and rigid (tectonic plates) Least dense material
Less than 1% of Earths mass
Temperature between 0°C - 1,000°C

8. Mantle Thickest layer About 67% of Earths mass of the earth
Semisolid rock (silicon, iron, magnesium)
Temperature between 1,000°C-3,700°C

9. The lithosphere (crust and upper mantle) is divided into separate plates which move very slowly in response to the “convecting” part of the mantle. * Draw the convection circles on your diagram

10. Core Densest layer About 33% of Earth’s mass Made of iron and nickel
Approximately 3,700°C-7,000°C

11. The Earth is like a peach or a boiled egg
The Earth is like a peach or a boiled egg. Turn to a seat partner and discuss these analogies. Come up with another analogy and be prepared to share.

14. Lithosphere – Crust and Upper Layer of the Mantle
Inner Core Solid
Outer Core
Liquid
Mantle
Lithosphere – Crust and Upper Layer of the Mantle
Layer of the Mantle (asthenosphere) that consists of hot rock of tar-like consistency, which slowly moves

15. Lithosphere The rigid outermost part of the earth
Made of the crust and upper mantle

16. Asthenosphere The ‘plastic’ rock layer of the mantle
Lithospheric plates move on convection currents

17. Mesosphere
The strong, lower part of the mantle
Less fluid

18. Outer Core
Liquid layer
Mostly iron and nickel

19. Inner Core The innermost layer of the earth
Extremely hot, solid sphere of mostly iron and nickel.

20. What do these two images tell us about the layers of the Earth?

21. Temperature increases as depth increases

22. Look at the information in the graph and table below
Look at the information in the graph and table below. What’s the relationship between depth and density/pressure?

23. Density and Pressure increase as depth increases

24. ** Add this statement and an arrow going from the crust to the core.
Temperature,
Density and Pressure increases as depth increases

25. Temperature, density and pressure increases as depth increases

26. BONUS INFORMATION… What layer makes up 33% of the Earth’s mass?
THE CORE
What layer do we live on?
THE CRUST

27. Practice!
Write as many sentences as you can about the layers of the Earth using the word “between”.

28. Practice!
Write a sentence about the layers of the Earth using the word “outermost”.

29. Practice!
Write a sentence about the layers of the Earth using the word “innermost”.

30. Practice!
What are the layers of the Earth (from the innermost layer to the outermost layer)

31. Practice!
What are the physical layers of the Earth (from the outermost to the innermost layer)?

32. Tectonic Plates
Definition: Several large slabs of the lithosphere that hold the continents and oceans and are slowly but constantly moving around the earth.