1. Genetics Vocabulary Review

2. genetics
the study of heredity

3. DNA
The directions or blueprints of life; made up of subunits called nucleotides

4. Chromosomes
A structure in that carries genes that determine the sex of offspring as well as other traits; it is made up of DNA and protein

5. genes
instructions for an inherited trait; located on chromosomes

6. Allele
The different forms of a gene.

7. dominant
Kind of trait that trait that appears more often. Identified with a capital letter

8. recessive
The trait that seems to reappear in the second generation; usually indicated by a lower case letter

9. heterozygous
The combination of two different alleles for an inherited trait

10. homozygous
The combination of two of the same alleles for an inherited trait

11. phenotype
An organism’s inherited physical appearance

12. genotype
The combination of alleles
GG, Gg, or gg

13. probability that mathematical chance that an event will occur
Ratio: 3:1 or percent: 75% or fraction 1/4

14. Punnett Square
A tool used to visualize all the possible combinations of alleles from parents

15. heredity
the passing of traits from parents to offspring

16. mutation
Changes in the DNA

17. Selective breeding
When breeders mate organisms with desirable characteristics

18. Genetic Engineering
Manipulating the genes within an organism.