1. Classification

2. What is classification?
classification is the grouping of objects or information based on similarities
taxonomy is the science of classifying organisms

3. Scientific Naming Common names are used in everyday speaking
Ex. cat
Scientific names are universally accepted by all scientists
Ex. Felis domesticus

4. Scientific Naming
Carolus Linnaeus developed the rules of binomial nomenclature:
the name must be in Latin
the 1st word is always capitalized
the 2nd word is always lowercase
the whole two word name must be underlined

5. Classification Categories
Linnaeus developed the taxa (categories) that are used today:
Kingdom
Family
Phylum/division
Genus
Class
Species
Order

6. Which two taxa make up a scientific name?
genus & species

7. How do scientists classify organisms today?
Evolutionary history (phylogeny)
Developmental stages (embryology)
Similar chemistry (DNA, amino acids)
Behavioral patterns (courtship rituals)

9. Phylogenetic Classification
 species that share a common ancestor, also share an evolutionary history (phylogeny)

10. Cladistics shows how many organisms diverged from a common ancestor
uses the idea of derived traits to make a branching diagram called a cladogram

12. Phylogenetic Trees
use fossil evidence as well as genetic and cladistic info. to arrange organisms
show relationships between modern and extinct species
usually look like a tree