1. Classification of Matter

2. A substance is either an element or a compound.

3. Element - a pure substance. All of its atoms are the exact same.
Found on the periodic table of elements
Ex – oxygen, gold

4. Compound – a substance with 2 or more elements combined in a fixed proportion.
Ex – Water always has 2 molecules of hydrogen and 1 molecule of oxygen

5. A mixture contains 2 or more substances that can be physically separated.
Ex – saltwater, dirty water, rocks

6. 4 Types of Mixtures:
1. Homogeneous mixture – a mixture of different materials that looks the same all the way through.
No “chunks”
Ex - Apple juice, salt water

7. Homogeneous mixtures are also called solutions.
To make a solution, a solute is dissolved in a solvent.
In saltwater, the salt is the solute and the water is the solvent.
A solute dissolves faster when stirred (creates friction) or heated.

8. 2. Heterogeneous mixture – A mixture of different materials that does NOT look the same all the way through.
Has chunks in it
Ex – vegetable soup

9. Colloid – a heterogeneous mixture with particles that never settle
ex – smoke

11. Tyndall Effect – when light hits the particles in a colloid and scatters.
You see the Tyndall effect when light comes in through a window and you see the rays.

12. b. Suspension – a heterogeneous mixture containing liquid that settles into parts
ex – Italian Salad dressing