1. Unit 1, Part 2 AP Bio Day 8

2. Opener Check on your plants Record data
We need to make a list of qualitative variables we want to start selecting for
Discuss with your table
Put ideas on the white board

3. Agenda Reading Comp 3 Quick Review: Hardy-Weinberg HW
Basic genetics concepts
Hardy-Weinberg
Intro and Conditions
How to use the Equation HW

4. Learning Target New Long Term LT
I can mathematically model changes in the genetic structure of a population using the Hardy-Weinberg equation
Don’t forget about Natural Selection. . .

5. Reading Comp 3 Google classroom Can use notes but not each other
No talking please
15 minutes

6. Cornell Notes Topic: Hardy Weinberg Equations
Essential Question: How can we use the HW to model evolution?

7. Quick Review: Basic concepts in genetics
Relationship between genes and traits in sexually reproducing organisms
Genes vs. alleles
Dominant alleles vs. recessive alleles
Genotype vs. phenotype
Homozygous vs. heterozygous
Genes code for traits
Gene is a stretch of DNA, alleles make up the gene- punnet square pogil
Dominant what is expressed recessive what is carried or expressed
Genotype is your genes Phenotype what is seen
Homozygous- same alleles Heterozygous- different alleles

8. Hardy Weinberg
HW states that if a population is NOT evolving then the frequencies of the alleles in the population will remain stable across generations (equilibrium) Use the equation to make predictions about the frequency of the different alleles. Five conditions…

9. Hardy Weinberg
Large population size No mutations No natural selection No gene flow Random mating

10. That is POWER scientists!
The Hardy-Weinberg equation allows us to assess if a population is evolving
That is POWER scientists!

11. The Hardy Weinberg Equation Packet
Answer questions 1-11
15 minutes

12. Mind your p’s and q’s

13. How to solve a Hardy-W problem
Identify the number of HOMOZYGOUS RECESSIVE individuals (q2)
Use that number to find q (the frequency of the recessive allele)
Use that number to find p (the frequency of the dominant allele)
If you have p and q, you can find p2 and 2pq

14. Hardy-Weinberg Problems
If 98 out of 200 individuals in a population express the recessive phenotype, what percentage of the population would you predict would be heterozygous?

15. Hardy-W problem
Identify the number of HOMOZYGOUS RECESSIVE individuals (q2)
q2= 98/200= 0.49 = 49%
Use that number to find q (the frequency of the recessive allele)
√q2 = √0.49 = 0.7
Use that number to find p (the frequency of the dominant allele)
p=1-q
p= = 0.3
If you have p and q, you can find p2 and 2pq
p2= (0.3)(0.3) = 0.09 = 9%
2pq = (2)(0.3)(0.7)= 0.42= 42%

16. Hang in there you will get this!

17. Hardy-Weinberg Problems
Work with one other person
Figure out what the question is asking for
q2?
2pq?
p2?
Number of individuals? q? p?