3. Temperature and Particle Theory…Again

4. Review from last class…
Who invented the first thermometer?
Who was the first person to use scales/points on their thermometer?
Who had the first closed tube thermometer?
Who had the first scale based on the boiling point and melting point of water?
Who’s scale is considered the “metric scale”; also based on the boiling and melting point of water?
Who’s scale was based on theory of “absolute zero”?

5. Conversion Practice
Body temperature is 98.6°F, what is this in Celsius? In Kelvin?
Methanol boils at 75°C, what is this in Fahrenheit?, in Kelvin?
Lead melts at 600 K, what is this in Celsius? In Fahrenheit?

6. Conversion Practice Question Fahrenheit Celsius Kelvin 1 98.6° 2 75° 3

7. Conversion Formulas Fahrenheit to Celsius: Celsius to Fahrenheit:
C= (F-32)
1.8
Celsius to Fahrenheit:
F= (Cx1.8)+32
Celsius to Kelvin:
K=C+273
Kelvin to Celsius:
C=K-273

8. Conversion Worksheet
Complete the Temperature Conversion worksheet using the formulas provided in class
Put name on it and put it in hand in bin

9. Particle Theory of Matter Review
All matter is made up of particles
Particles are always moving
The spaces between particles are larger than the particles themselves.
All particles of the same substance are made of the same particles regardless of state (solid, liquid or gas)
Particles are attracted to each other. The closer the particles are the stronger the attraction.
Particles move faster when heated and slower when cooled down

10. Solids Attraction between particles is strong
Spaces between particles is small (particles are close together)
There is little motion of particles- movement is mostly vibrational
Definite Shape and Definite Volume

11. Liquids Attraction between particles is medium
Space between particles is medium
Movement is vibrational and rotational
Definite Volume but no Definite Shape

12. Gases Attraction between particles is weak
Space between particles is large
Movement is vibrational, rotational and translational
No Definite Shape and No Definite Volume

13. Kinetic Energy- States of Matter
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Vibrational movement- lower kinetic energy
Sliding and vibrational- more kinetic energy
Bouncing, sliding and vibrating- most kinetic energy
Slowest movement
Slower movement
Fastest movement
Close particles
Farther particles
Farthest spacing between particles

14. Phase Changes

15. Phases of Matter- Transformations
Energy (heat) causes matter to change state
By adding energy you can change solidsliquids and liquidsgases
By removing energy you can change gasesliquids and liquids solids

16. Phase Changes: Adding Energy
Solid  Liquid: Melting
Temperature at which it changes is called Melting Point
Liquid  Gas: Boiling/Evaporating
Temperature at which it changes is called Boiling Point
Adding energy speeds up molecules and increases their movement

17. Phase Changes: Removing Energy
Gas  Liquid: Condensation
Same temperature as the Boiling point
Liquid  Solid: Freezing
Same temperature as the Melting point
Removing energy causes the particles to slow down and decreases their movement

18. Heat vs Temperature- Particle Theory
Heat= thermal energy
TOTAL energy contained by an object
Travels in waves
Can change the matter it touches
Transfer of energy from hotter body to colder body
Temperature= speed
How fast the particles move and is NOT determined by the amount of substance
The AVERAGE energy of its particles