1. doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#>
<month year>
doc.: IEEE <doc#>
Project: IEEE P Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)
Submission Title: Layer 2 Routing Preliminary Proposal to Call for Contributions
Date Submitted: 10 May, 2014
Source: Seong-Soon Joo, In-Hwan Lee, Hyo-Chan Bang
Company: ETRI
Address: 161 Gajeong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, KOREA
Voice: , FAX: ,
Re:
Abstract: As a preliminary contribution proposal for the IEEE TG10 standards, the layer 2 routing specification is proposed.
Purpose: Response to the IEEE TG10 call for contribution
Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.
Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P
<author>, <company>

2. Layer 2 Routing Preliminary Proposal to Call for Contributions
<month year>
doc.: IEEE <doc#>
Layer 2 Routing Preliminary Proposal to Call for Contributions
Seong-Soon Joo*,
In-Hwan Lee, Hyo-Chan Bang
ETRI
<author>, <company>

3. IEEE 802.15.4 Layer 2 Routing Link Network over IEEE 802.15.4
looks like a link to network layer
a loss sensitive large wireless network
low-energy, resource constrained device
reliable, scalable wireless mesh connectivity
guaranteeing deterministic end-to-end delay
Design consideration
optimal utilization of communication resource
multiple grade of links
maintaining a simple procedure and a light weight protocol

4. IEEE 802.15.4 Link Network Components Topology PHY/MAC link
PAN coordinator : gateway router
FFD : router (link network router)
RFD : device
Topology
mesh network
mesh link adds on star topology
mesh link adds on cluster tree topology
full mesh topology
PHY/MAC link
40Kbps/100Kbps/250Kbps/500Kbps/1Mbps/27Mbps
async/TDMA
channel diversity

5. Proposed IEEE 802.15.4 Link Network
virtual link
link path
link path routing
load balanced link path maintaining
unbalanced cluster-tree based address assignment
address based mesh routing
beacon-enabled multi-hop link network formation
directional multiple grades mesh connection

6. Virtual Link and Link Path (I)
a link
establishes a link between two neighbour devices
a virtual link
established between two devices multi-hopped apart
multi-hop link connection through the routers which perform frame relaying instead of routed forwarding
a link path
constituted of links and virtual links from a source to a destination device
a routed link-path, link network
a link network
performed in two stages
link connection and link network routing

7. Virtual Link and Link Path (II)
PAN coordinator
L2R router 3
device 8
L2R router 2
device 1
router 5
device 7
router 1
device 3
router 4
router 6
device 2
device 6
device 4
device 5

8. Virtual Link and Link Path (III)
as an example
a link network over DSME MAC
a link network that connects two devices by switching the time slots
my beacon
child 1
child 2
tier 1
coord
inner CAP link
inner inward shared link
inner inward dedicated link
my beacon
child 1
inner outward shared link
parent
neighbor
tier 2
router
outer CAP link
outer inward shared link
inner inward dedicated link
grand parent
parent
my beacon
outer outward shared link
outer outward dedicated link
neighbor
tier 3
router

9. Cluster-Tree based Addressing
MAC address
Cluster Identifier
Device Locator
Gateway router
(cluster ID = 0, locator ID = 0)
Root Cluster Tree 0
(L0, R0, D0)
Cluster1 root
(cluster ID = 0, locator ID = i)
(cluster ID = 1, locator ID = 0)
Cluster2 root
(cluster ID = 0, locator ID = j)
(cluster ID = 2, locator ID = 0)
Cluster3 root
(cluster ID = 0, locator ID = k)
(cluster ID = 3, locator ID = 0)
Cluster Tree 1
(L1, R1, D1)
Cluster Tree 2
(L2, R2, D2)
Cluster Tree 3
(L3, R3, D3)
Cluster4 root
Cluster Tree 4
(L4, R4, D4)

10. Mesh Link on Cluster Tree
intra-cluster mesh link
inter-cluster mesh link
Gateway router
Root Cluster Tree 0
(L0, R0, D0)
intra-cluster
mesh link
Cluster1 root
Cluster2 root
Cluster3 root
Cluster Tree 1
(L1, R1, D1)
Cluster Tree 2
(L2, R2, D2)
Cluster Tree 3
(L3, R3, D3)
Cluster4 root
Cluster Tree 4
(L4, R4, D4)
inter-cluster
mesh link

11. Multiple Grades of Mesh Connection
dedicated link
transmits a frame received only at the source device of the link
shared link
may transmit a frame received at the routers on the link-path to the destination device of the link
directional link
inward/outward
bidirectional

12. Cluster-Tree Mesh Routing
cluster connectivity matrix
routing table
link cost table : load (number of frame, queue length)
CAP : cluster based tree routing
shared link : cluster based tree + mesh routing
dedicated link : routed link path, dedicated link
Root Cluster Tree 0
(L0, R0, D0)
Cluster Tree 1
(L1, R1, D1)
Cluster Tree 3
(L3, R3, D3)
Cluster Tree 2
(L2, R2, D2)
Cluster Tree 4
(L4, R4, D4)
Gateway router
Cluster1 root
Cluster2 root
Cluster3 root
Cluster4 root
inter-cluster
mesh link
intra-cluster
parent
Cluster 0 1 2 3 4 o -

13. Routing route infor route change event route update route select
cluster table
maintained by gateway router
update between gateway – root router, root router – router
route table
maintained by root router & router
report router  root router
route change event
router start/join/leave & mesh link setup/release
mesh link setup & release : periodically searching or upon router update request
mesh routing : inter cluster mesh link (cluster table), intra (route table)
route update
periodical report
cluster table: gateway – root router, root router – router
route table: router  root router
event driven report
route select
cost : hop & link frame count

14. Start & Join & Leave address assignment start & join
root router  gateway router
cluster formation
router  inner router
assign from reserved address block
start & join
start router
if root router, association & cluster formation, then start
if router, association, then start
router join a network
association, then start

15. Data Forwarding routing link type selection in/out decision
primitive CLK/SLK/DLK & frame operation type
in/out decision
cluster connectivity matrix from cluster table
link selection (only for CLK/SLK data)
shortest cluster-tree route vs. mesh route
cluster table vs. route table

16. Summary virtual link link path load balanced link path maintaining
unbalanced cluster-tree based address assignment
address based mesh routing
directional multiple grades mesh connection
beacon-enabled multi-hop link network formation
MAC primitives & command frames