1. The operating system (OS)
9th grade class Project

2. Student Information
Name:
Grade:
Date:

3. Objectives: To introduce the operating system
Students will be able to:
Explain the functions of an operating system (cognitive)
Draw a concept map showing the types of function (psychomotor)
Answer guide questions from each slide (psychomotor)
Complete the matching column (psychomotor)
Explain the differences between multitasking, multiprocessing and multiprogramming (cognitive)
Identify the different process modes (cognitive)
Distinguish between the different types of user interface (cognitive)

4. Activity 1 (To be completed after you have read through to slide 26)
In the next slide:
On slide 6 create a concept Map of the functions of the operating system outlined on slide 5.
On slide 6 also change the color of the objects in the concept map
On the concept map, link each function of the operating system to the relating slides to that whenever any function is clicked the viewer is carried to a correct slide.

5. Concept Map sketch

6. Create the concept map using Smart Art based on the sketch above.

7. The operating system Known as the brain of the computer
It has 6 main functions:
Memory Management
Device and I/O Management
Security control
Program Management
File Management
Logging of Events

8. Memory Management Allocates (gives) memory to programs that needs it
Allocates (gives) storage space between all data stored on the computer

9. Memory Management Activity
What is Virtual memory?
Why is it important to the computer?

10. Device and I/O Management
Is an interface between the application and the hardware components, example, MS Word sending something to the printer
Name two (2) types of user interface.
…………………….
What are buffers?
…………………….. r

11. Device and I/O Management Activity
Draw or find a picture that shows the two types of interfaces.

12. Security control Provides security such as user name and password.
Keeps track of users on the system, records the time

13. Security control Activity
What are the user name and password for the computer you are using right now?
………………………………………
Provide a reason as to why you have to select, ctrl, alt and delete to access the computer.

14. Program Management It starts and stops the program
What are the computer terminologies for starting and stopping the computer program?
………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………

15. File Management OS keeps track of the thousand of files
It locates stored files
It saves files to memory
It will copy, erase, rename and back up files
Using the following link, &p=file+management+system&rs=0&fr=yfp-t- 348-s&fr2=
complete the following tasks:
From the URL above, find an example of file management
Print screen and paste the diagram of file management into your presentation

16. File management example

17. Logging of events
OS keeps a log of all jobs executed and of every hardware device
Logs are used for spotting and diagnosing problems
In your own words, tell me what is a log?
What are some reasons for keeping a log?

18. Tutorial on how to create a concept map and add links to other slides

19. Create the concept map below using Smart Art

20. To create a concept map using SmartArt

21. To create a concept map using SmartArt (Continued)

22. To add circles to the concept map

24. How to create a link to different slides

25. How to create a link to other slides

26. Link all the function to the operating system to the related slides within this presentation.

27. In your notebook, create the following table but place the correct function with the correct task
Memory Management
Require a user to enter a password to carry out an administrative task
Device and I/O Management
Copy documents and music to an external hard disk
Security control
Launch a graphics application
Program Management
Send instructions from a music application to a set of speakers
File Management
Allocate RAM to an application that is currently running

28. 2nd objective
Explain the differences between multitasking, multiprocessing and multiprogramming.
The operating system manages many processes and tasks at the same time to make the computer faster, more efficient and multifunctional. It does it in several ways.

29. Aim/Topic: To introduce the OS
Objectives: Students will be able to:
Provide at least 3 facts about the functions of the operating system
Define multi, task, process and programming
Provide an example of multitasking, multi processing and multiprogramming
Create a table in PowerPoint and complete the matching columns
Set up links in PowerPoint

30. Vocabulary words
Define the words:
Multi
Task
Process
programming

31. Compare Operating Systems
Terms often used when comparing operating systems:
Multi-user – Two or more users can work with programs and share peripheral devices, such as printers, at the same time.
Multi-tasking – The computer is capable of operating multiple applications at the same time.
Multi-processing – The computer can have two or more central processing units (CPUs) that programs share.
Multi-threading – A program can be broken into smaller parts that can be loaded as needed by the operating system. Multi-threading allows individual programs to be multi-tasked.
Slide 9 – Compare Operating Systems
5.1.2 Explain operating system concepts
To understand the capabilities of an operating system, it is important to understand some basic terms. The following terms are often used when comparing operating systems:
Multi-user – Two or more users can work with programs and share peripheral devices, such as printers, at the same time.
Multi-tasking – The computer is capable of operating multiple applications at the same time.
Multi-processing – The computer can have two or more central processing units (CPUs) that programs share.
Multi-threading – A program can be broken into smaller parts that can be loaded as needed by the operating system. Multi-threading allows individual programs to be multi-tasked.
Almost all modern operating systems are multi-user and multi-tasking, and they support multi-processing and multi-threading.

32. Multitasking
Multitasking is when one processor performs several tasks at the same time, to make the computer faster, more efficient and multifunctional. It does this in several ways.
Give an example of multitasking.
……………………

33. Multiprocessing
Multiprocessing is when two or more processors run one program. Multiprocessing is often faster and more efficient than using one processor to run a program.
Give an example of multiprocessing.
……………………….

34. Multiprogramming
Multiprogramming is when one processor runs more than one program at the same time. They could be programs you have launched or programs that run in the background.
Give an example of multiprogramming.
………………

35. Identify the different process modes
3rd objective
Identify the different process modes

36. Batch Processing
Is when the number of transactions, or jobs are processed on one go. The jobs are processed from start to finish and generally require very little or no user intervention. Batch processing is useful for a high volume of transactions that need not be processed immediately, such as, data on handwritten forms.

37. Batch Processing Activity
Write a paragraph about your favorite person and then type it in Microsoft word on the computer.
Attach a picture of the paragraph you had written by hand into the Microsoft word document.

38. Online Processing
Online processing is slightly faster than batch processing. It requires the computer to be online-connected to the network or the Internet. If data is time-sensitive, this is a more suitable way of processing it. As soon as a transaction occurs the data is processed immediately or stored and processed a short time later.

39. Online processing activity
Go to the computer and accessing the Internet, use Google Images to copy a picture of a credit card and paste in a Microsoft word document. Then write down 4 things you know about the uses of a credit card.
Tell me how using a credit card is an example of online processing.
Upload this to schoology when complete.

40. Real-time processing
Real time processing is where jobs and transactions are processed immediately. It is when the data is very time-sensitive or when users need immediate access to data. It is often used for online reservation system.
Lets say you want to travel to New York and you want to purchase your ticket online, find 3 sites that will allow you to purchase your ticket online.
…………………………………………………..

41. Real-time processing Activity
Lets say you want to travel to New York and you want to purchase your ticket online, find 3 sites that will allow you to purchase your ticket online.
…………………………………………………..

42. Time Sharing
Time sharing is used when a system has more than one user at a time. It allocates CPU processing time to each user, one at a time. The allocations change very quickly, so each user never notices that there are times when the CPU is not allocated to them.

43. Time Sharing (Activity)
Obtain and paste a picture of the Time sharing process

44. Complete the table Data Processing Type of Processing
Credit card transaction
An online service for booking appointments with a consultant
Processing handwritten client records that have been typed into a computer
Ensuring all agents have access to the central system at the call centre
Collecting payroll information for a large company

45. In your notebooks, write the questions and select the correct answers.
Underline which of these is an example of real-time processing?
Typing data from written receipts and processing them all overnight
Swiping a credit card where the transactions is processed an hour later
Booking a concert ticket on an online reservation system
Allowing several users access to a CPU at one time

46. 4th objective
The user interface

47. In your notebooks write the questions and select the correct answers.
Give two differences between batch processing and real time processing.
……………………………..

48. Command driven
Click on the following site and using print screen paste an image of a graphic user interface.
en&biw=1020&bih=555&rlz=1R2SKPB_enUS3 72&tbs=isch%3A1&sa=1&q=command+drive n+user+interface&btnG=Search&aq=f&aqi=g 1&aql=&oq=

49. The Types of Operating Systems
Command Line Interface (CLI): The user types commands at a prompt.
Graphical User Interface (GUI): The user interacts with menus and icons.
Slide 8 – User Interface
5.1.1 Describe characteristics of modern operating systems The operating system enables the user to interact with software and hardware. There are two types of user interfaces:
Command Line Interface (CLI) – The user types commands at a prompt.
Graphical User Interface (GUI) – The user interacts with menus and icons.
Most operating systems, such as Windows 2000 and Windows XP, include both a GUI and a CLI.
Most operating systems include both a GUI and a CLI.

50. The User interface Command driven Graphic User Interface
Uses the keyboard to type commands into a window display
Very basic and intended to be purely functional
Need to know the correct syntax for giving commands
Used by computer experts
Graphic User Interface
Used by clicking on Icons
Uses menus that display options for tasks and actions
Pull-down menus drop a list of options
Pop up menus activated by a right mouse click

51. Hardware Interfaces
Hardware interfaces work by physical interaction. They are useful for visually impaired people. Braille keyboards allow a user to use their sense of touch to type letters into a computer. A Braille keyboard is an example of a non-visual interface.

52. Hardware Interfaces Activity
Give an example of when you would need a hardware interface.
……………………………………

53. Answer the next four multiply choice questions in your notebook
Write out the questions and the answers in your notebook

54. In your notebooks, write the questions and select the correct answers.
Which of these is not a component you would find on a GUI
Button
Menu
Window
Braille keyboard

55. In your notebooks, write the questions and select the correct answers.
Name and describe two interface elements you would find in a GUI that would help you to navigate and use an operating system.
3. Draw in your note book as well as obtain an icon that you could use to navigate your graphic user interface.

56. In your notebooks, write the questions and select the correct answers.
Which of the following is an example of a hardware interface?
Touch screen
GUI
Command driven
Menu-driven

57. Graphic user interface (GUI)
Click on the following site and using print screen paste an image of a graphic user interface. w=1020&bih=555&q=user%20interface&rlz= 1R2SKPB_enUS372&wrapid=tlif &um=1&ie=UTF- 8&source=og&sa=N&tab=wi

58. Aim/Topic: To introduce Computer software
Software refers to the programs that make the computer function and enable it to carry out many different tasks.
Programs are sets of instructions that tell the computer how to carry out these tasks
System software controls the hardware and how it works. System software includes operating systems, translators and utilities.
When you start up a computer, you are booting it. The booting instructions are contained in the ROM chip. During booting, the computer looks for the operating system.

59. Main Memory
RAM stores data temporarily while the computer is being used
ROM stores data permanently, such as data to start up a computer

60. Quick Quiz (worth 10 points if you get them all right)
A ______________ is the smallest unit of storage and may be naught or one.
A group of 8 bits is called a ________________
One byte is used to store one ________________
_____________ retains data when the power is lost and never loses data when the computer is turned off.
______________ is the size of data that the CPU can handle in a single cycle.

61. Special purpose General Purpose Custom written Integrated software
Application software
Special purpose
General Purpose
Questions
Integrated software
Custom written

62. Translators
Translators, also called translation programs, are systems software that convert code into programming language the computer can process. There are several kinds of programming languages.
An interpreter is a program that converts a program into machine code.
A compiler translates all program lines in one go in one go to create a stand-alone program. Once translation is complete, the compiler instructs the processor to carry out that program.
An assembler is used to translate assembly language into machine code.

63. Utilities
Utility programs or utilities are usually bundled with an operating system. They maintain and protect the operating system. Listed are some tasks performed by utility programs
Manage files by renaming, sorting, listing , backing up, recovering and deleting them
Perform disk formatting which may include clearing a hard disk and reprogramming it form scratch
Scan and defragment a hard drive; this reorganize the hard disk for better memory management
Scan for viruses on a hard disk and remove any viruses that are found

64. Application software
Application programs or application software are programs that allow a computer to carry out specific tasks but they are not essential for the computer to work. If you want to use a computer to create documents, you need an application program for word programming.

65. Types of application, Uses and Example
Word processing
For typing and compiling documents
Microsoft Word
Spreadsheet
For putting together and managing spreadsheets
Microsoft Excel
Database
For creating and managing databases
Microsoft Accsss
Entertainment
For playing simulated games on a computer
Graphics
For creating and editing artwork, photos and other types of images
Adobe Photoshop
Communications
For using the Internet, sending and receiving s, sending instant messages
Mozilla Firefox, Microsoft Internet Explorer

66. General purpose
General purpose application software is popular software that can be used by most people for many different purposes. Word processing applications are general purpose, because they are used for many reasons by people business and professionals. General purpose software is often fairly cheap and reliable because it has been used and developed by many people over the years.

67. Special purpose
Special purpose application software is designed for specific tasks or industries. It does not have much use beyond those task. For example accounting software is used for creating and maintaining accounting records. It is useful only to accountants or people in the accounting industry. Because it has a very specific market, special purpose software can be quite expensive.

68. Custom written
Custom written software is often called tailor made or bespoke software. It is written for a few owners or users to perform specific tasks. Custom written software is often used to modify general purpose software so it can do extra tasks. For example, custom written macros for Microsoft Excel can automate some spreadsheets tasks.

69. Integrated software
Integrated software is a set of useful application that are bundled together or sold together as one package. For example; Microsoft Office is an integrated software package of seven application programs. Word, Excel, Access, PowerPoint, Publisher, Outlook and FrontPage
Integrated software is often a cost-effective way of buying applications because you can get several applications for a good price.

70. Questions
What is the name given to software that can be used by many people for a wide range of tasks.
General purpose
Custom-written
Integrated
Special purpose
Which of these is an example of system software?
Spreadsheets
Database
Utilities
Games

71. Questions continued
Which of these is a translator that translates code by line by line?
Compiler
Interpreter
Assembler
Operating system
State two advantages of using an integrated software package.
State one disadvantage of using an integrated software package.
State two advantages of using a general purpose software package
Name two (2) types of system software.

72. Questions continued
An engineering firm wants to purchase software designed specifically for engineering drawing. What kind of application is this?
What is the purpose of having utility programs on your computer?
Oshane wants to install a program on his computer to do a disk cleanup and manage files. What type of software is this?
Application
Operating system
Translator
utility

73. Match each description to the type of application software it describes
Types of Application software
Tailor made software that is often used to modify existing software to perform specific tasks
Integrated
Software that is created for a specific kind of task or industry
General purpose
Popular software that has many uses for many different people
Specific purpose
A software package that has more than one application
Custom written

74. State whether the following statements are True or False
A typical operating system task is scanning a computer for virus.
Windows Vista is an example of an operating system.
An interpreter translates code line by line into machine language.
Booting is important for finding the utilities programs to run a computer
A translator performs tasks such as sorting, renaming and backing up files.

75. Do Now Questions
What is the corresponding decimal value of (base 2)
a. 15 b. 4 c. 64 d. 32
The term BCD represents
a. Byte Code Decimal b. Binary Coded Decimal
Basic Coding Design d. Binary Coded Design
System utilities:
a. include features such as webpage design
b. are loaded before the operating system
c. have to be accessed through the Internet
d. perform functions such as checking disk space

76. Guided Questions continued…
The most popular software interface is
monitor b. Command-line c.GUI d. Menu-driven
Application software does NOT include
a. Presentation software b. Web browser software
c. Word processing software d. Systems software
The graphic is called a
a. Picture b. Rectangle c. Screen d. Slide