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Butterfly diversity and abundance in Ngangao Forest edge and surrounding farmlands, Taita Taveta County Presentation by: Duncan K. Mwinzi- Msc student Supervisors: Prof. John H. Nderitu-UoN Prof John W. Kimenju-UoN Dr. Esther N. Kioko -NMK
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Introduction Pollinators play a major role in the quality and quantity of the agricultural produce Approximately, 75 per cent of the global crops are pollinator dependent (Klein et al., 2007) Pollinating insects have been undergoing decline in many parts of the world (Ollerton et al., 2014) Klein et al., (2015), butterflies are among the vast majority flower visitors and play an important role in pollination of leading cash crops globally
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Objective To determine diversity of butterflies and their relative abundance in Ngangao forest edge and the surrounding farmlands, Taita Taveta County
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Materials and Methods Study area
The project is being conducted in Ngangao forest, Taita Hills which forms part of the Eastern Arc Mountains.
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Farmland transect runs perpendicular to the forest edge transect.
Study design Two forest edge and two farmland transects established, East and West of the forest Each transect is 1000m Farmland transect runs perpendicular to the forest edge transect. There are five working stations on each transect The sampling stations were m, m, m, m, m. The sampling station measures 100m*10m
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Sampling methods Two sampling methods are employed Transect counts
Butterfly baited traps 20 minutes taken per station in transect counts Unidirectional walking at a low and constant pace is done while sampling Sampling in each transect done twice in a week, two weeks in a month for a period of six months. Transect counting
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Butterfly fruit baited traps
Butterfly fruit baited traps used on the forest edge Two butterfly fruit baited traps per station, at start and the end Bait prepared by use of ripe bananas and pineapple and fermented for 3 days Traps are suspended at least 2 meters above the ground. Installed early morning and removed at sunset. The baits are used once in a week, twice in a month for a period of six months Butterfly Baited trap
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Results Species diversity
Total number of species recorded from December 2017-April was 112. Family Number of species Hesperiidae 13 Lycaenidae 16 Nymphalidae 58 Papilionidae 8 Pieridae 18 Total 112
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Species recorded belong in 54 genus
Continuation Species recorded belong in 54 genus Genus with high number of species representation include Genus Number of species Acraea 10 Amauris 3 Belenois 5 Charaxes 15 Colotis 4 Eurema Junonia Neptis Papilio 6
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Cymothoe teita-Nymphalidae (Endemic to Taita Hiils)
Zizula hylax- Lycaenidae Salamis parhassus-Nymphalidae Coeliades anchises-Hesperiidae
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Papilio desmondi teita-Papilionidae (Endemic to Taita Hills
Belenois thysa-Pieridae Axiocerses tjoane-Lycaenidae Graphium leonidas and Papilio nireus paddling
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Acleros mackenii Acraea boopis Acraea cabira Acraea chilo Acraea eponina Acraea equatorialis Acraea insignis Acraea lycoa Acraea neobule Acraea quirina Acraea zetes Actizera lucida Amauris albimaculata Amauris niavius Amauris ochlea Antanartia dimorphica Antanartia schaenia Anthene princeps Axiocerses tjoane Azanus jesous Belenois aurota Belenois creona Belenois margaritacea Belenois thysa Belenois zochalia Bicyclus campinus Bicyclus safitza Byblia ilithyia Cacyreus lingeus Catacroptera cloathe Catopsilia florella Charaxes aubyni Charaxes baumanni Charaxes berkeleyi Charaxes bohemani Charaxes brutus Charaxes candiope Charaxes cithaeron Charaxes druceanus Charaxes etesipe Charaxes kirki
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Charaxes pollux Charaxes saturnus Charaxes varanes Charaxes xiphares Charaxes zoolina Coeliades anchises Coeliades forestan Colias electo Colotis aurigineus Colotis euippe Colotis evagore Colotis regina Cymothoe teita Danaus chrysippus Deudorix vansomerini Eagris nottoana Eagris sebadius Eretis umbra Eurema brigitta Eurema desjardinsi Eurema hecabe Eurema desjardinsi Eurema hecabe Eurema senegalesis Eurytela dryope Eurytela hiarbas Gegenes niso Gorgyra bibulous Graphium leonidas Graphium policenes Henotesia perspicua Hypolimnas anthedon Hypolimnas misippus Iolaus yalae Junonia hierta Junonia natalica Junonia oenone Junonia sophia Junonia terea
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Lampides boeticus Leptotes pirithous Metisella orientalis Mylothris agathina Mylothris sagala Neocoenyra gregorii Neptis aurivillii Neptis penningtoni Neptis saclava Papilio dardanus Papilio demodocus Papilio desmondi teita Papilio echerioides Papilio nireus Papilio ophidicephalus Pentila tropicalis Phalanta phalantha Pontia helice Precis archesia Precis tugela Salamis anacardii Salamis parhassus Sarangesa maculata Spalgis lemolea Spialia dromus Spialia spio Tarucus grammicus Tirumala formosa Uranothauma falkensteini Uranothauma nubifer Venessa cardui Zenonia zeno Zizeeria knysna Zizula hylax
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Conclusion Data collection on-going.
Data to be analyzed to come up with species abundance in forest edge and farmlands Data to be analyzed to come up with species richness index
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Thank you
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