1. Unit 3- American Revolution - British Conflict with American Colonies

2. Bell Ringer:
The British had to take out almost 185 million dollars in debt to pay for the French and Indian War.
How do you think they will make the colonies pay for all of that debt?

3. Causes of the American Revolution
Mercantilism
economic practice where a country exports more than it imports to make money
colonies exist to make money for the mother country!!!
Great Britain controlled trade in the colonies
colonies can only trade with GB

4. Causes of the American Revolution
Salutary Neglect
practice of passing laws and then doing little to enforce them
WHY?
too expensive to enforce
too much effort
bribery
colonies are still making $ for GB
when GB begins enforcing laws it angers colonists

5. Causes of the American Revolution
Navigation Acts
restricted colonial trade
could only buy and sell most goods with GB
only use British ships
mostly ignored for hundreds of years until the 1760s

6. Causes of the American Revolution
Sugar Act (1764)
first new tax placed on the colonies
lowered tax rates on sugar and molasses but had previously been ignored bc of….
salutary neglect
didn’t affect most ppl
(not that big of a deal)

7. Causes of the American Revolution
Quartering Act (1765)
colonists are responsible for housing British troops and providing them with provisions (food, etc.)

8. Causes of the American Revolution
Stamp Act (1765)
tax placed on all printed materials (newspapers, pamphlets, posters, wills, mortgages, deeds, licenses, diplomas, and playing cards)
first direct tax placed upon the colonies
affected every colonist
(very big deal)

9. Causes of the American Revolution
Stamp Act Congress
leaders of the colonies meet to decide what to do
decide to protest and boycott the act
boycott: refuse to buy goods
Stamp Act is repealed in 1766

10. Causes of the American Revolution
Townshend Acts (1767)
named for Charles Townshend, chancellor of the Treasury
taxes on imports of glass, lead, paints, paper, and tea
revenue would be used to pay colonial governors
colonists protest and boycott
Townshend Acts are partially repealed… tax on tea remains

11. “NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION!”
only those that represent the colonies in Parliament can impose taxes
Parliament response: the colonies have virtual representation
each member of Parliament represented the interests of the country and empire

12. Causes of the American Revolution
Committees of Correspondence
network of local groups in the colonies that communicated with other colonies
spread pamphlets/publications about liberty, etc.
organized opposition to Great Britain
first national organization in the colonies
leads to UNITY!!!
Samuel Adams started the system

13. Causes of the American Revolution
Sons of Liberty
secret organization of colonists formed in opposition to British laws and taxes
organized protests and boycotts
tactics:
newspapers/pamphlets
violence and intimidation
burning effigies
harassing tax collectors

14. Causes of the American Revolution
Daughters of Liberty
boycotted British goods by making goods at home
spinning bees!
boycotted tea

15. Causes of the American Revolution
The Boston Massacre
more British troops sent to control the colonists
tensions are high, especially in Boston
March 1770: colonists began throwing snowballs and rocks at British guard
British troops began firing at colonists
result: 5 dead (including Crispus Attucks), 8~ wounded
***Term coined by Paul Revere!

16. Causes of the American Revolution
Boston Tea Party (1773)
furious over a tea act (can only buy British tea) on imported tea, 150 patriots (dressed as Indians) snuck aboard British ships and dumped 342 chests of tea in Boston Harbor
caused $1 million in damages

17. Causes of the American Revolution
Intolerable Acts (1774)
Parliament passes to punish Massachusetts
Act 1- Port of Boston closed until city paid for destroyed tea
Act 2- All gov’t officials in MA to be appointed by governor, not elected
and banned town meetings
Act 3- British soldiers in trouble in America could be transported to Britain for trial
and strengthened the Quartering Act
Also known as the Coercive Acts

18. Causes of the American Revolution
First Continental Congress (Sept. 1774)
delegates from 12 of the colonies meet
plan of action
stop importing goods from GB
declaration of colonial rights
proposed that all acts of Parliament have to be approved by colonies
call for formations of militias
agree to meet again in May 1775 if no progress is made with Britain

19. Paul Revere https://youtu.be/cLbc0NcToUI How are they leaving Boston??
1 if by land,
2 if by sea
The signals were not “for” Paul Revere, but “from” Paul Revere to the Sons of Liberty in Charlestown, because Revere was apprehensive that he would be prevented from leaving Boston. 

20. Causes of the American Revolution
Lexington and Concord (1775)
first battles of the Revolutionary War
“the shot heard ‘round the world”
April 1775: British Gen. Gage ordered to arrest members of the Massachusetts Provincial Congress and seize weapons
April : 700 British troops head to Concord
Go through Lexington
Paul Revere’s ride alerting the minutemen
April 19: British encounter 70 minutemen in Lexington
British fire shots, kill 8 and wound 10 minutemen
Head to Concord; encounter 400 minutemen
Results:
British lose 99 men, 174 wounded
Colonial militias lose 49 men, 46 wounded

21. Boston Massacre Primary Source Activity
Analyzing the Boston Massacre Worksheet
-There are 4 images
- Answer the three questions for each of the images