1. NUNAVUT
“Our Land”

3. First Nations is a Native group in which the members share a common culture and history, and wish to be treated as a distinct group
Three Groups of Natives:
Indian
Inuit
Metis – recognized in 1982 as a third group.

4. Inuit Wedding

5. Metis

6. TREATIES First treaties date back to 1665
Initially, Natives provided food, shelter, and knowledge needed to survive in the harsh climates in exchange for peace, friendship, and military allies.
As Natives became a minority, Europeans wanted to purchase land in exchange, they offered land called ‘reserves’ and sometimes goods.

7. Royal Proclamation of 1763 Established two things:
land-ownership rights of the First Nations had to be respected
if a First Nation did choose to give up land, it should receive fair payment
Reality: minimal payment for land was received. Over time, payments were increased.

8. INDIAN ACT of 1876
Government signed treaties with First Nations that required the FN to give up their land claim to the lands they occupied forever and persuaded them to move to reserves.

9. Problems Government decided who were ‘status Indians’
Today’s payments don’t seem fair
Government decided how land was to be used
Since 1980’s bands gaining more control of their reserves
No economic future on the reserves – land is poor quality
No self-government
Residential Schools – try to assimilate

10. TREATIES TODAY Comprehensive Treaties
New treaties (because treaties were never signed.) Address land ownership, self government, hunting/fishing/trapping rights, financial compensation, and ownership and control of resources.

11. Specific Claim
Where a comprehensive land claim previously existed and the First Nations feel that one or more terms were not fair or had not been fulfilled.

12. Nunavut

13. Nunavut

14. Nunavut

15. NWT

16. NWT

17. NWT

20. Tuktoyuktuk

21. Yellowknife