1. WHAP
ANCIENT Greece

2. Greece
Agricultural communities develop in Mediterranean by 2000 BCE (possibly Crete)
Mountainous terrain in Greece make land travel difficult, so become skilled sailors
Minoan civilization (1600 BCE) later replaced by Mycenaeans constant warring leads to decline
Greek cities flourish by 800 BCE

3. Greece Crete main city- Knossos
No writing deciphered from Crete but legends persist (King Minos, Daedalus and the maze)
Phoenicians- create first phoenic alphabet (22 letters that correspond with a sound)
Greeks adapt alphabet by adding vowels

4. Greece Greek civilization made up of the polis- independent city state
Different city states had styles of government
Monarchy- rule by one
aristocracy- rule by nobles
oligarchy- few wealthy landowners/merchants
democracy- all citizens participate
Only free males could be citizens (patriarchy)
Hoplites (infantry) citizens who go to war

5. Athens
Athens- struggle with forms of government until embrace of democracy
Solon- reformer who had laws that could be revised
Cleisthenes- uses democracy to deal with rebellion
Town meeting- each citizen's voice could be heard and vote
Council of 500- one year term who implement policy

6. Athens
Pericles- 'Golden Age” ( BCE) rebuilds Parthenon, reforms govt (creates council of 500) develop people's courts
Women thought as inferior- kept isolated in the home, could not own property
Philosophy- (love of wisdom) natural law
Plato (student of Socrates)- opened The Academy, wrote “The Republic” and wrote down Socrates ideas of questioning nature (Socratic Method)

7. Parthenon

8. Greece
Aristotle- emphasis on moderation “Golden Mean”, empiricism- learn through observation and evidence (logic)
Greek Religion- polytheistic (ex: Zeus, Athena)
Citizens expected to perform civic duty, also got to theater (tragedies, comedies)
Notable playwrights: Sohpocles, Aeschylus(Prometheus Bound), Euripides (The Trojan Women)
Aristophanes- comedies (The Birds)

9. Zeus, Athena, Poseidon

10. Greece
The Olympic Games (776 BCE – 400 BCE) rituals to the Gods and athletic competitions, wars often suspended for the games
Sparta- militaristic society, two kings (oligarchy
Conquered Messina and forced people to work the land through slavery (helots) while Spartans focus on military training (boys start at age 7 until age 60)
Peloponnesian Wars ( BCE) occur between Athens and Sparta

11. Differences Athens- multiple social classes (wealthy)
Sparta- shun luxury
Athens- slaves, personal servants (as much as 30% of population)
Sparta- less gender inequality, women free and equal with men- run society while men off at war, women were educated and could own property
Homer- Iliad and Odyssey, wrote about Myceneans Trojan War