1. Succession

2. What does “succession” mean?
Jimmy Carter
Ronald Reagan
George Bush Sr.
Bill Clinton
George Bush Jr
Barack Obama

3. Primary Succession
Defined: Establishment and development of an ecosystem in an uninhabited environment
Starts with bare rock

4. Volcanic activity
Lava cools and hardens into rock, forming new land.

5. Glaciers retreat
New land is exposed and ready to be inhabited.

6. Pioneer Species Defined: First organisms to inhabit new land
Moss and lichen grow on bare rock . . . . . .
Rocky land

7. Pioneer Species Defined: First organisms to inhabit new land
Moss and lichen grow on bare rock
Dead matter and crumbling rock 
First layer of soil
Allows more growth
Thin layer of soil
soil
Rocky land

8. The Process Continues Seeds grow in the new soil Rocky land wind wind

9. The Process Continues Seeds grow in the new soil.
Small flowers & shrubs build up more organic matter
Small animals and insects.
soil
soil
Rocky land

10. Even More Time Passes Enough soil to hold small trees
More animals use the trees as a habitat
soil
soil
Rocky land

11. Climax Community Large trees take root
Crowd in and compete with smaller trees
New/large animals inhabit new forests
soil
Rocky land

13. Secondary Succession Defined: Rebuilding an ecosystem after a disaster
Forest fires, floods, tree falls…

15. Occurs at a faster rate
- Soil already exists
- Dead matter returns nutrients to soil

21. Review
What are the first organisms to live within a newly created patch of land called?
Give examples of the answer to question #1.
What are the final organisms to live within a newly created patch of land called?
How are new areas of land created?
Give a few examples how the process of secondary succession can start.
How does primary and secondary succession differ?