1. Relationship between ENSO and SST variation
By. 엔쏘와 송송태 - 정태희, 윤진호, 차자은

2. CONTENTS ENSO SST (variation)
Relationship between ENSO and SST variation (Climate, Upwelling, Water volume, Super El nino)
Important concepts
Reference
Questions and Answers

3. ENSO El Niño Southern Oscillation
An irregularly periodical variation in winds and sea surface temperatures over the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean, affecting much of the (sub)tropics
The warming phase - El Niño
The cooling phase - La Niña

4. ENSO
El Niño - La Niña
Atmospheric component coupled with the sea temperature change
El Niño – low air surface pressure La Niña - high air surface pressure (in the tropical Eastern Pacific)
<SOI> El Niño : (-)
La Niña : (+)

5. SST (variation) The water temperature close to the ocean's surface
1 mm ~ 20 m below the sea surface(according to the measurement method used)
Thermohaline circulation which affects average SST significantly throughout most of the world's oceans

6. Realationship between ENSO and SST variation
Which came first, the chicken or the egg?
<Bjerknes’s feedback>

7. Realationship between ENSO and SST variation
Walker circulation
Climate
- Global climate
- The atmosphere over the
Atlantic ocean is drier and
more stable during El Niño
- Tropical cyclone genesis and intensification

8. Realationship between ENSO and SST variation
Upwelling
- Cooler water towards the
ocean surface, replacing
the warmer
- Weakening trade winds
and lowering thermocline
doesn’t make cooler
water upwell

9. Realationship between ENSO and SST variation
Warm Water Volume
Raise sea level
Thermal expansion
Lowering thermocline

10. Realationship between ENSO and SST variation
Super El Niño
Enhanced El Niño
Temperature
Continuous period

11. Important concepts
ENSO is El Niño Southern Oscillation. SST is Sea Surface Temperature.
Relationship between ENSO and SST variation is explained through Bjerknes’s feedback, Climate change, Upwelling, and Warm water volume.
Bjerknes’s feedback is circulation relationship among El Niño, temperature, water and winds(pressure).
As SST rises, tropical cyclone is made and cooler water upwelling isn’t happened in the eastern pacific ocean. Also, warm water volume is bigger than normal condition. All of them are related to El Niño.
If temperature is higher and the period is longer than normal El Niño, it will be super El Niño.

12. Reference
Professor’s lecture material

13. THANK YOU
Questions and Answers