1. Gender Variance
How does it occur
When does it happen
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2. What is Gender? and What is Sex?
 Sex biological classification "male" or "female"
Gender psychological identification "man" or "woman"
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3. When does it begin? The very moment of conception
Studies are continually shedding more light
On how an embryo becomes male or female
And how this process sometimes goes awry
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4. Several factors nudge the infant toward male or female development
All embryos
Are identical in external appearance for the first eight weeks
Several factors nudge the infant toward male or female development
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5. In the seventh week
the embryo has both male and female primordial ducts
In the normal female fetus, the millerian duct
system then develops into oviducts and a uterus
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6. Male In the normal male fetus, the wolferian duct system
each side develops into the epididymis and vas deferens
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7. Genitalia The external genitalia are bipotential until the eighth week
The reproductive organs and genitals associated with "female" or "male“
Come from the same initial (fetal) tissue
The urogenital slit disappears and male genitalia form
Or it remains open, and female genitalia form.
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8. If the Egg
Fertilized with the x chromosome female structures continue to mature
The default system.
Fertilized with the y chromosome
A hormonal switch occurs
Two genes are activated and the female structures are completely dissolved
The male organs take their place.
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9. Some embryos step off track.
Rat mothers placed in stress
during the equivalent of the first trimester
Have rat sons with female (Lordic) behavior.
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10. Fetal Endocrine Effects due to endocrine disrupting chemicals
Occur in concentrations as low as parts per trillion
The fetal endocrine system is more sensitive to disruption than any other known body system.
Hormones from an external source
Many commonly used chemicals and materials
Are estrogenic, anti-estrogenic, androgenic, and anti-androgenic
These chemicals can also affect enzymes which amplify the effect of hormones
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11. Disruptors Endocrine disruptors in the fetus
Change this "correct" value to
Some value which is not programmed by genetics.
Chemicals modulate (up or down) the reception or secretion of hormones in any of these glands
Change the concentrations of hormones which have been programmed by genetics
Which are produced by the fetus during development.
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12. Disrupting Chemicals Endocrine disrupting chemicals
Behave much like natural hormones
But interfering signals result in erroneous decisions at the cellular level
The cell's receptors accept both endocrine disruptors and natural hormones as valid signals
Communication between the central nervous system and cells of the body
In part, controlled by hormones which act as chemical messengers to direct the activity of cells.
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13. Exposure to Chemicals
Exposure to a wide variety of endocrine disrupting chemicals
Present in the environment
Produce disruptions to the fetal endocrine system
Which produce numerous developmental anomalies
Including varying degrees of gender dysphoria
And intersex conditions
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14. Intersexual There are 72 recognized conditions
Only some have ambiguous genetaila
Include those that are with out gene mapping undetectable
Can include those that are XYY, XXY, XXYY
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15. Gender Variants Can Include
CD Crossdressers, those that wear the clothing of the other sex
Equally male and female (dual gender)
TG transgenderist Generally spend more time in opposite sex role
TS Transsexuals Gender is the opposite of birth sex
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16. Are there any other transgendered people in your family?
Population
Are there any other transgendered people in your family?
Frequency
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid
yes 15
13.6 no 49
44.5
58.2
unknown/don't know 43
39.1
97.3
Total
110
100
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17. Gender Variance Identity
Frequency
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid
crossdresser 28
25.5
transvestite 2
1.8
27.3
transgendered 19
17.3
44.5
non-op transsexual 6
5.5 50
pre-op transsexual 17
15.5
65.5
Post op transsexual 22 20
85.5
other 13
11.8
97.3
Missing 3
2.7
100
Total
110
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18. Conclusion Most research points to a physiological reason
For Gender Variance
Who do you know that is?
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19. Who?
Who they are
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20. The first evidence
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