1. TECHNICAL REPORT

2. TECHNICAL REPORT
Technical reports aim primarily to provide useful information – analyzing information, such analyses serving as basis for recommendations.
Reports are as varied and numerous as the activities of life, varying in length, in content, in style, and in aims, from letters or memoranda to lengthy works of several volumes, from the daily timekeepers’ reports to voluminous reports on national planning and economic resources of a country.

3. STEPS PLANNING Identify the real subject.
Pinpoint your purpose (analyze, describe, explain, report).
Aim at an audience (experts, technicians, etc.).
Prepare a target statement.
Plan a program.
COLLECTING INFORMATION
Recording data.
Library research.
Direct Inquiry.
Correspondence.
DESIGNING
Brainstorming.
Basic Pattern.
Outlines.
4. ROUGH DRAFTING.

4. FORMAT
SHORT REPORTS LONG REPORTS
Summary Title Page
Detailed Results Contents
Discussion Problem
Procedure Conclusions
Procedure
Results
Discussions

5. FORMAT
TITLE PAGE. The title, dates, and names which appear on the page indicate the objective and scope of the report, the date of preparation and issue, and the author and origin.
LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. Information that in the past was included in a foreword is now frequently contained in a letter of transmittal accompanying the report.
The letter of transmittal is a letter in every aspect (heading, tone, salutation, etc.). It identifies the report, the subject, and the reason for the report. Unlike the foreword, however, the letter of transmittal also offers a brief summary or paraphrase of report highlights.

6. FORMAT
TABLE OF CONTENTS. Reports of less than five pages usually do not need a contents page. Long reports, however, require a table of contents with major headings and subheadings listed specifically.
SUMMARY PAGE (EXECUTIVE SUMMARY). Summary pages are often independent elements that may be detached from the report for distribution separately, usually to a management-level audience more interested in recommendations than in details. Summaries of this type would therefore begin with a statement of recommendations or chief findings, followed by supporting discussion.

7. FORMAT
INTRODUCTION. It provides background information helpful in understanding the report. Ordinarily, this information includes definition of the subject (its scope and limits), discussion of the problem and what have been done previously to solve it, explanation of the writer’s general approach, and a forecast of how the report will handle the subject.
DISCUSSION (BODY). It describes and explains what was done. It explains the steps of the solution with enough detail so that the work could be reproduced from information available in the report. Results and analysis of results are also integral parts of the discussion. They should be stated accurately and completely.

8. FORMAT
CONCLUSION. It summarizes results and the analysis of the results, and draws relevant conclusions from them. Recommendations should agree with the conclusions, which in turn must make sense in terms of the results and analysis. Thus conclusions must be based on data included in the report, and recommendations must be based on those conclusions.
RECOMMENDATIONS. If the report ends with the writer’s advising what should be done – that is, with his offering recommendations on the basis of data given previously – Recommendations is the preferred heading.

9. FORMAT
REFERENCE PAGE (BIBLIOGRAPHY). It provides list of works cited or consulted and thus serves as a guide to further reading on the subject as well as an indication of sources. On a bibliography page, authors are listed alphabetically, whereas on the reference page they are listed in order of appearance in the report.
APPENDIX. It may contain anything necessary to support the writer’s discussion. Ordinarily, however, they are used for long or complex tables, graphs, or derivations which would be included in the text if they did not interrupt the narrative. Sometimes sample forms are also included if they contribute in any way to understanding how data were accumulated or interpreted.

10. TYPES OF REPORTS

11. TYPES OF REPORTS
PERIODIC REPORT. It is submitted at regular intervals for the purpose of recording information of interest to the organization which authorizes it. It is a history of past transactions and built around statistics which may or may not be interpreted at all.
PRELIMINARY REPORT. It has for its purpose the collection of information to determine the advisability of the proposed work, the probable cost, the best design, and other pertinent facts. Since it looks forward to a more detailed examination report (if the facts warrant), its scope is limited and it collects only the most important information, gives rough estimates, and submits preliminary designs.

12. TYPES OF REPORTS
PROGRESS REPORT. It gives a history of an undertaking over a limited period, or from the date of beginning until the date of writing. It is narrative in style and usually follows the chronological order.
FINAL REPORT. It is submitted after an undertaking has been completed. Its purpose is to serve as a permanent record of the work and to show how the proposed plans have been carried out. It is detailed and contains abundant illustrations.

13. TYPES OF REPORTS
EXAMINATION REPORT. It is one of the most common types of report. It presents information for the definite purpose of furnishing a basis for action. It gives an analysis of conditions. It collects facts and from these facts it draws conclusions based upon expert knowledge.
RECOMMENDATION REPORT. It may be an examination report which also makes recommendations. It may be classified into two: operation reports, if they deal with such matters as location, equipment, efficiency, and personnel of a plant; and construction reports, if they deal with systems, structures, mechanisms, or apparatus.

14. TYPES OF REPORTS
FEASIBILITY REPORT. It documents the results of a feasibility study. It defines the study in terms of its objectives and the factors that determine whether something is feasible or not. It presents, interprets, and summarizes the data relevant to feasibility.