1. Modes of inheritance
There are more modes of inheritance than simple dominant-recessive with only 2 alleles

2. Co-Dominance Both alleles show at the same time
Produces a third phenotype
Example
Black bear mates with a white bear = the offspring is striped or spotted
White flower is bred with a red flower = the offspring is red and white spotted

3. Incomplete dominance Blend of alleles is shown
Produces a third phenotype
Example
Black bear mates with a white bear = the offspring is gray
White flower is crossed with a red flower= the offspring is pink

4. Multiple alleles and Co-dominance
Occurs when there are more than 2 alleles for a trait
Each individual can only have 2 alleles
Can result in 4 different combinations
Example
Human blood type
A, B, AB, O

5. Sex Linked Gene is carried on sex chromosomes Produces ‘carriers’
Females = XX
Males = XY
Produces ‘carriers’
heterozygous for gene
Example
Color blindness is housed on the ‘X’ chromosome
Xc = not color blind
X-c = colorblind