1. How Scientists Find Answers to Questions
Scientific Method
How Scientists Find Answers to Questions

2. Any of these sound familiar?
Where are my shoes?
Where is my homework?
What should I have for lunch?
Which deodorant works the longest?

3. You may not know it, but you use the scientific method to answer questions like those every day. The scientific method is just a way to solve problems or answer questions.

4. These guys use it in every show.

5. You may see the scientific method written in different ways – sometimes with 5 steps or sometimes with 7 steps. I like to use the 6 step process.

6. The Six Steps of the Scientific Method
Ask a question.
Gather information
3. Form a hypothesis.
4. Test the hypothesis.
5. Analyze the results.
6. Draw conclusions.

7. Step 1: Ask a question or state the problem.
This is the problem you are trying to solve or the question you are trying to answer.
Try to narrow it down and be specific.

8. Step 2: Gather information.
Get as much information as you can about the problem by researching books or using the internet.

9. Step 3: Form a hypothesis.
This is what you think the answer to the question will be.

10. Step 4: Test your hypothesis.
Do an experiment to determine if your hypothesis is correct.
We will talk about how to do an experiment later.

11. Step 5: Analyze the results.
The results are what happened in the experiment.
Your results would be any measurements or other observations you made during the experiment.

12. Step 6: Draw a conclusion.
A conclusion is what you learned from the experiment.
It is the answer to your question.
You now know if your hypothesis was correct.

13. One important thing to remember is that it doesn’t matter if your hypothesis was incorrect. You found the answer to your question. That’s the important thing!

14. YouTube - Mr. Lee - Scientific Method song
Let’s review.
YouTube - Mr. Lee - Scientific Method song

15. Now, back to Step 4 - Testing your Hypothesis
Now, back to Step 4 - Testing your Hypothesis. This means you need to conduct an experiment.

16. Controlled Experiments
There is a right way to set up and complete an experiment. This is called a controlled experiment.
The best way to learn about this is to actually do an experiment. So, let’s do a controlled experiment with a helicopter.

17. What did we learn?
Variables are the things in an experiment that change or could be changed.

18. What did we learn?
An independent variable is the thing in an experiment that you change on purpose. It is also known as the manipulated variable.
Ex: the direction of the blades of the helicopter

19. What did we learn?
The dependent variable is the thing in an experiment that responds to the independent variable. It is also known as the responding variable.
Ex: the direction the helicopter spins as it falls

20. What did we learn?
Constants are the things in an experiment that are kept the same in all trials.
Ex: the size of the helicopter; the height from which it is dropped; the material the helicopter is made of

21. What did we learn?
The control is the standard for comparison in an experiment. You don’t administer the independent variable to it.
Ex: the original helicopter, before the direction of the blades was reversed

22. What did we learn?
Repeated trials are the number of times an experiment is repeated for each value of the independent variable.
Ex: dropping the helicopter 5 times each way means there are 5 trials

23. What is a controlled experiment?
A controlled experiment is where you change only one thing (the independent variable) and keep everything else (constants) the same.

24. Let’s review again.
Science Style