1. Social Psychology Talbot
Chapter Eight
Group Influence

2. Copyright © 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Social facilitation
The presence of others
Crowding: The presence of many others
Why are we aroused in the presence of others?
Evaluation apprehension
Driven by distraction
Mere presence
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Social loafing
Many hands make light work
Social loafing in everyday life
Factors that reduce social loafing
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Deindividuation
Doing together what we would not do alone
Group size
Physical anonymity
Arousing and distracting activities
Diminished self-awareness
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Group polarization
The case of the “risky shift”
Do groups intensify opinions?
Group polarization experiments
Naturally occurring group polarization
Explaining polarization
Informational influence
Normative influence
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Groupthink
Symptoms of groupthink
Critiquing groupthink
Preventing groupthink
Groupthink and group influence
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Minority influence
Consistency
Self-confidence
Defections from the majority
Is leadership minority influence?
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