1. Cardiovascular System
The Body’s Transport System
mmd1302.blogspot.com

2. The cardiovascular system consists of three different features: The heart, blood vessels, and blood. The purpose of this complex system is to carry oxygen and nutrients to the cells, while simultaneously taking waste away from them. Additionally, the blood stream holds special cells that fight off disease.
consumerreports.org

3. Why is the heart so important?
What is the heart?
The heart is fist-sized cardiac muscle responsible for pumping the blood through the body.
Where is the heart?
The heart is located on the left side of the chest, beneath the rib cage.
Why is the heart so important?
The heart continuously pushes blood through the blood vessels, making sure all the cells of the body receive the oxygen and nutrients they need.
darbelofflab.mit.edu

4. The Heart’s Structure
The heart is broken up into two major parts: the right side and the left side. The sides are divided by a wall of tissue called the septum. Each side is then separated into two chambers: an upper and a lower chamber.
The upper chamber, better known as an atrium, collects the blood that is entering the heart. The lower chamber, or ventricle, is in charge of pumping the blood back into the body. The heart also has valves, which are small flaps that prevent the blood from flowing backwards.
starsandseas.com, revolutionhealth.com

5. How the Heart Works
First, the muscles of the heart relax and allow blood to fill the heart.
Then, the two atriums contract, push the blood through the valves, and into the ventricles.
Next, the ventricles contract, the valves close, and squeeze the blood into the major blood vessels.

6. The Force of the Ventricles
The ventricles are the driving force of the heart. The left ventricle uses far more force because it is in charge of pumping blood through the body, while the right ventricle simply sends blood to the lungs.
medindia.net, topnews.in

7. The Pacemaker
Located in the right atrium of the heart is the pacemaker. The pacemaker is a group of heart cells that sends a signal to the heart muscles, telling them to contract.
The pacemaker receives messages from the brain about the body’s oxygen needs. From the brain’s messages, the pacemaker decides how fast the heart should beat. For example, if you are exercising, the pacemaker will tell your heart to beat much faster because your body needs more oxygen.
health.msn.com

8. The human body has three different types of blood vessels.
Arteries are blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.
Capillaries are small, narrow vessels that carry the substances to the individual cells and remove the cells’ waste.
Veins are the vessels that bring the blood back to the heart.
urgomedical.cn, paramedicspot.com

9. Two Loops First Loop Second Loop
In this loop, the blood travels from the heart to lungs and back to the heart. The blood first enters the right atrium, flows to the ventricle, and travels through an artery to the lungs. The blood picks up oxygen in the lungs and returns to the heart.
In the second loop, blood goes from the heart through the body and back to the heart. The blood goes into the left atrium, flows down to the ventricle, and out the aorta (the largest artery in the body). From there, the blood travels throughout the body, bring cells the oxygen they need to function.

10. Review Questions Answer in your Notebook
1. What are the three features of the Cardiovascular system?
2. What is the purpose of the Cardiovascular system
3. What is the name given to the upper chambers of the heart?
4. What is the name given to the lower chambers of the heart?

11. Review Questions
5. Why are the muscles of the Left Ventricle so much more muscular than the right ventricle? 6. Working with the brain, the pacemaker receives messages about how much oxygen the body needs. This allows the pacemaker to determine ________________________.