1. People or Turning Points
Midterm Essay Review
People or Turning Points

2. Napoleon Bonaparte (Age of Napoleon)
Comes to power at the end of the French Revolution (describe how)
Code Napoleon
Equal treatment under the law
Abolish feudal privileges
Public education
Advancement based upon merit
Napoleonic Wars
Spread of Enlightenment ideals
Rise of nationalism

3. Simon Bolivar (Independence movements in Latin America)
Independence/nationalist leader
Helped to found Gran Colombia
Inspired by revolutions in Europe and North America
Inspired by Enlightenment principles
Creoles could not rule in colonies
Created independent Gran Colombia
Wanted to unify all of South America as one country but failed
Why?

4. Toussaint L’Ouverture (movements for independence)
Independence leader for Haiti (against Napoleon’s France)
Former slave
Self-educated
Military leader
Inspired by Enlightenment principles and revolutions in Europe and North America
Ended slavery in Haiti
Helped to achieve independence (although he died in French prison before vision was fully realized)

5. Turning Points SUGGESTIONS (Cause, events, effects/impact)
Napoleon’s Invasion of Russia
Wars for independence in Latin America
Industrial Revolution
Age of Imperialism
Scramble for Africa
British colonial rule in India (Sepoy Rebellion)
Opium War - China