1. CNC Machine Language
گرد آورنده: بابک دلخون

2. CNC Machine Language

3. G-Code
G-Code is one of a number of computer code languages that are used to instruct CNC machining devices what motions they need to perform such as work coordinates, canned cycles, and multiple repetitive cycles. Industry has standardized on G-Code as its basic set of CNC machine codes.

4. G-Code is the most popular programming language used for programming CNC machinery. Some G words alter the state of the machine so that it changes from cutting straight lines to cutting arcs. Other G words cause the interpretation of numbers as millimeters rather than inches. Some G words set or remove tool length or diameter offsets.

5. A position (rotary around X) B position (rotary around Y)
There are other codes; the type codes can be thought of like regiester in a computer
X absolute position
Y absolute position
Z absolute position
A position (rotary around X)
B position (rotary around Y)
C position (rotary around Z)
U Relative axis parallel to X)

6. V Relative axis parallel to Y
W Relative axis parallel to Z
M code (another "action" register or Machine code(*))(otherwise referred to as a "Miscellaneous" function"
F feed rate
S spindle speed
N line number
R Arc radius or optional word passed to a subprogram/canned cycle
P Dwell time or optional word passed to a subprogram/canned

7. T Tool selection
I Arc data X axis
J Arc data Y axis.
K Arc data Z axis, or optional word passed to a subprogram/canned cycle
D Cutter diameter/radius offset
H Tool length offset

8. Below is a complete listing of current codes
G00Rapid Linear Interpolation
G01Linear Interpolation
G02Clockwise Circular Interpolation
G03Counter Clockwise Circular Interpolation
G04Dwell
G05High Speed Machining Mode
G10Offset Input By Program

9. G12Clockwise Circle With Entrance And Exit Arcs
G13Counter Clockwise Circle With Entrance And Exit Arcs
G17X-Y Plane Selection
G18Z-X Plane Selection
G19Y-Z Plane Selection
G28Return To Reference Point
G34Special Fixed Cycle (Bolt Hole Circle)

10. G35Special Fixed Cycle (Line At Angle)
G36Special Fixed Cycle (Arc)
G37Special Fixed Cycle (Grid)
G40Tool Radius Compensation Cancel
G41Tool Radius Compensation Left
G42Tool Radius Compensation Right
G43Tool Length Compensation

11. G44Tool Length Compensation Cancel
G45Tool Offset Increase
G46Tool Offset Decrease
G50.1Programmed Mirror Image Cancel
G51.1Programmed Mirror Image OnG52Local Coordinate Setting
G54 - G59Work Coordinate Registers 1 Thru 6
G60Unidirectional Positioning
G61Exact Stop Check Mode

12. G65Macro Call (Non Modal)
G66Macro Call (Modal)
G68Programmed Coordinate Rotation G69Coordinate Rotation Cancel
G73Fixed Cycle (Step)
G74Fixed Cycle (Reverse Tapping)
G76Fixed Cycle (Fine Boring)
G80Fixed Cycle Cancel
G81Fixed Cycle (Drilling / Spot Drilling)
G82Fixed Cycle (Drilling / Counter Boring)
G83Fixed Cycle (Deep Hole Drilling)
G84Fixed Cycle (Tapping)
G85Fixed Cycle (Boring)

13. G86Fixed Cycle (Boring)
G87Fixed Cycle (Back Boring)
G88Fixed Cycle (Boring)
G89Fixed Cycle (Boring)
G90Absolute Value Command G91Incremental Value Command
G92Work Offset Set

14. G107User macro 1 (sine) sin
G108User macro 1 (cosine) cos
G109User macro 1 (arc tangent) tan
G110User macro (square root)
G200User macro 1 (unconditional branch)
G201User macro 1 (zero condition branch)
G202User macro (negative condition branch)

15. Basic ISO CNC Code M03, M04, M05 Spindle CW, Spindle CCW, Spindle Stop
M08, M09 Coolant/lubricant On, Coolant/lubricant Off
M02 Program Stop
M30 Program end, rewind
M98 Subprogram call
M99 Return to call program

16. M00, M01 Program stop, optional stop
G96, G97 Constant surface speed, Constant Spindle speed
G50 Maximum spindle speed
G95, G94 Feed mm per revolution, feed mm/min
G00, G01 rapid movement, Linear Interpolation (cutting in a straight line)
F Feed
S Spindle Speed

17. Example
This is a generic program that demonstrates the use of G-Code to turn a 1" diameter X 1" long part. Assume that a bar of material is in the machine and that the bar is slightly oversized in length and diameter and that the bar protrudes by more than 1" from the face of the chuck. (Caution: This is generic, it might not work on any real machine! Pay particular attention to point 5 below.)

18. Line Code
N M216
N G00 X20 Z20
N G50 S2000
N M01
N T0303 M6
N G96 S854 M42 M03 M08
N G00 X1.1 Z1.1
N G01 Z1.0 F.05

19. Line Code
N X0.0
N G00 Z1.1
N X1.0N12G01 Z0.0
N M05 M09
N G28 G91 X0
N M215
N M30

20. ارائه کننده: بابک د لخون سال تحصیلی 87-88
منابع:: ماشينهاي كنترل عددي كامپيوتري (مهندس محسن لطفي)
برنامه نويسي جامع ماشينهاي cnc ( مهندس بصارتي)
وب سايت CNCezPRO™
وب سايت Tesko laser
ارائه کننده: بابک د لخون سال تحصیلی 87-88