1. Finish Up the Report!
Present the ideas to the class

2. Some signs that the relationship is improving:
In 2003, ceasefire across the Line of Control that divides Indian and Pakistani-administered Kashmir
In 2006, Pakistan said it stopped all funding for militant operations in Kashmir, ignoring protests by some of the more influential groups
In February 2010 India announced an amnesty for fighters from Indian-administered Kashmir, saying they could return from Pakistani territory
Early in 2012, Islamabad (Pakistan) cut by half the administrative funds it issues to groups that still maintain offices in Pakistani-administered Kashmir
At the same time it offered a cash rehabilitation package to former fighters to abandon militancy

3. Conflicts over Natural Resources

4. List
Create a list of natural resources around the world that could be causing conflicts

5. Conflicts over Natural Resources
Combination of global industrial development and population growth has increased pressures on natural resources
Not evenly distributed
Examples:

6. Gulf War Natural Resource= Oil
Question: Why did Iraq invade Kuwait in 1990??
P. 358

7. Answer Oil had enriched the economies of Iraq, Kuwait and Saudi Arabia
Kuwait= 2 million barrels of oil a day
Iraq= suffered from reduced oil exports- debt of $30 billion AND depressed economy because of war with Iran

8. Answer 1990 Saddam Hussein ordered invasion to acquire the oil
CLAIMS= Kuwait artificial state carved by Iraq’s natural coastline
Because of this, Kuwait blocked access to the Gulf coast
Blamed them for holding down cost of oil to produce more
Illegally pumping crude oil from the Ar-Rumaylah oil fields

9. Result January 15 1991 January 16 1991 Feb 28 1991
UN told Saddam Hussein to pull out of Kuwait
Hussein ignored the ultimatum
January
Massive air strike was launched
Feb
Resistance had collapsed
Death Toll: Iraqi soldiers, 300 Allied

10. Water Conflicts WHY? Other countries not like Canada
US and Mexico: Fight over Colorado River
India and Bangladesh over the Ganges River
China, 21% worlds population only have access to 7% of fresh water
Global warming increasing droughts

11. Example: The Nile River

12. Solution
1959 Nile agreement between the Sudan and Egypt for full control utilization of the Nile waters. This agreement included:
84 bcm at Aswan High Dam in Egypt
Egypt and Sudan would contract projects that would enhance the flow- share costs
Egypt construct the Aswan High Dam to store annual Nile river water
Sudan Right to construct Rosaries Dam on the Blue Nile for hydroelectric power- until it utilizes its share

13. Today: Ethiopia and Egypt
“Egypt Rules out War with Ethiopia over Nile River Hydropower Dam”
No plans to go to war!