1. Writing a Research proposal
Part two Literature Review

2. Literature Review What is Literature review
Functions of literature review
Steps of literature review

3. Definition
Literature review is a process of reviewing the work of others with in your field and using that as bases for your research
Published and unpublished secondary sources

4. Functions of literature review
Bring clarity and focus to your research problem
Improve your methodology
Broaden your knowledge base in your research area
Contextualise your findings

5. Process of literature review
There are five steps involved in conducting a literature review:
Search for existing literature in your area of study;
Review the literature selected;
Develop a theoretical framework;
Develop a conceptual framework;
Writing up the literature reviewed

6. Search for existing literature
Sources of Information for Literature Review
Preliminary sources (general sources): these are the references that the researcher consults first to help him/her locate other sources related to the research problem
Table of contents
Indices
Abstracts
Primary sources: these are direct descriptions of an occurrence by an individual who actually experienced or witnessed the accident. They are publications in which persons who carried out the research report their findings.
Journals
Reports
Dissertations
Theses
Conference papers
Secondary sources: these refer to publications in which authors describe the works of others.
Textbook

7. Notice
Be aware that sometimes a title does not provide enough information to decide if a book/ journal is going to be of use.
Start with the latest issue, examine its contents page to see if there is an article of relevance to your research topic.
Start by reading the abstract. If it is relevant then download and read.

8. Review the literature selected
Contents of Articles:
Abstract
Introduction
Prior studies
Research methods
Results
Further discussion, limitations and future research
Reference page

9. Interview with seven largest chemical and pharmacetical industry,
Cont…
Tool for Article Review:
Author’s
Name,
Year
and
Source
Research
Topic
Main
Objectives
methods
Results
Limitations
Future
Adams (2002)
Accounting,
Auditing &
Accountability
Journal, 15(2),
Internal
Organizational
factors
influencing
CSER
To identify
any internal
Contextual
the nature
& extent of
reporting
Interview with seven largest chemical and pharmacetical industry,
Comparative
study –
German & UK
The work
highlights
the lack of
explanatory
power of the
existing
social
theories
Interview method – which lacks large sample size to generalize the results
Case
study
work
examining
the process
of social
& ethical
&
governance
structures

10. Notice
Notice where there are significant differences of opinion among researchers and give your opinion about the validity of these differences.
Ascertain the areas in which little or nothing is known-the gaps that exist in the body of knowledge.

11. Develop theoretical framework
As you start reading the literature, you will soon discover that the problem you wish to investigate has its roots in a number of theories that have been developed from different perspectives.

12. Develop conceptual framework
The conceptual framework stems from the theoretical framework and concentrates, usually, on one section of that theoretical framework which becomes the basis of your study.

13. Conceptual Model Complaint Handling Strategies Satisfaction
with Service
Recovery

14. Complaint handling strategies
compensation
Problem solving
Satisfaction
with
complaint
handling
facilitation
Response speed
apology
Being courteous
explanation
effort

15. Examples of conceptual framework
Customer
satisfaction
Customer
Loyalty
Service
Quality

16. Writing up the literature reviewed
Chapter II – Literature Review: May contain the following sections:
Introduction
Literature on the independent variable
Literature on the dependent variable
Summary and
Conclusion